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All Access Flashcards > Clinical Nutrition Basics > Flashcards

Clinical Nutrition Basics Flashcards

1
Q

MNA

A

mini nutrition assessment

for >65 years old; does not assess weight changes

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2
Q

SGA

A

selective global assessment

medical hx, physical exam, intake, wt changes, edema

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3
Q

NSI

A

nutrition screening initiative

DETERMINE checklist used for elderly

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4
Q

GNRI

A

geriatric nutrition risk index

albumin and weight changes; used for geriatrics

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5
Q

MST

A

malnutrition screening tool

weight loss and poor intake for acute care hospitalized patients

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6
Q

NRS

A

nutrition risk screening

weight loss and poor intake for hospitalized med/surg patients >70 years

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7
Q

MUST

A

malnutrition universal screening tool

intake, weight changes, BMI

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8
Q

waist circumference risk measurements

A

> 40” in males
35” in females

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9
Q

waist to hip ratio risk measurements

A

> 1.0 in males
0.8 in females

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10
Q

% amputee IBW adjustments

A

entire leg: 16%
BKA: 6%
whole arm: 5%
forearm and hand: 2.3%

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11
Q

IBW for quadriplegia and paraplegia

A

quadriplegia: 10-15%
paraplegia: 5-10%
less

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12
Q

at risk weight changes

A

> 2% in a week
5% in a month
7.5% in 3 months
10% in 6 months
20% in 1 year

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13
Q

respiratory acidosis

A

caused: hypoventilation
because: carbonic acid is acidic and it builds up
compensation: kidneys retain bicarb to increase pH

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14
Q

respiratory alkalosis

A

caused: hyperventilation
because: carbonic acid is acidic and it’s being lost
compensation: kidneys excrete bicarb to decrease pH

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15
Q

metabolic acidosis

A

caused: renal insufficiency, diarrhea, DKA, starvation
because: bicarb is basic and kidneys are excreting too much
compensation: hyperventilation to increase pH

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16
Q

metabolic alkalosis

A

caused: vomiting, diuretics
because: bicarb is basic and kidneys are not excreting enough of it
compensation: hypoventilation to decrease pH

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17
Q

intracellular electrolytes

A

potassium
magnesium
phosphorus

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18
Q

extracellular electrolytes

A

sodium
calcium
bicarbonate
chloride

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19
Q

DNI: adderall and ritalin

A

for ADHD
appetite suppressant, anorexia, nausea, weight loss

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20
Q

DNI: oral contraceptives

A

decreases folate, vit B6, vit C

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21
Q

DNI: loop diuretics

A

furosemide, lasix, bumex
decreases Ca, Na, Mg, thiamine, K

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22
Q

DNI: thiazide diuretics

A

decreases Mg, K
increases Ca

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23
Q

DNI: methotrexate

A

immune suppressor for cancer
decreases folate; must take supplement

24
Q

DNI: statins

A

lipitor, zocor
avoid grapefruit

25
Q

DNI: MAOIs

A

antidepressants
avoid foods high in tyramine; can cause dangerously high blood pressure

26
Q

DNI: lithium carbonate

A

azilect, zelapar
increases appetite
must have stable caffeine and sodium intake (too high > therapeutic failure, too low > drug toxicity)

27
Q

DNI: anticoagulants

A

warfarin, coumadin
stable levels of vitamin K intake

28
Q

DNI: Izoniazid

A

tuberculosis medication
decreases B6
interferes with vit D, C and Ca, P metabolism
don’t take with food

29
Q

DNI: Levodopa

A

Parkinson’s medication
vit B6 and protein interfere with drug absorption
intake most protein in evening, drug in the morning

30
Q

what foods contain high amounts of tyramine

A

aged, fermented, dried, pickled, smoked, and spoiled

31
Q

comfrey
uses
DNI

A

soothes nerves
can cause irreversible liver failure

32
Q

kava
uses
DNI

A

for anxiety
can cause liver failure

33
Q

valerian root
uses
DNI

A

soothes nerves
avoid in patients with liver disease

34
Q

yohimbe
uses
DNI

A

erectile dysfunction
elevate blood pressure

35
Q

ephedra
uses
DNI

A

weight loss
rapid heart rate, headaches

36
Q

black cohosh
uses
DNI

A

menopause
may cause blood clots

37
Q

echinacea

A

immunity
avoid taking for >2 months

38
Q

saw palmetto
uses
DNI

A

for the prostate
avoid with diuretics

39
Q

st john’s wort

A

antidepressant
avoid with warfarin/coumadin, HTN medications, birth control, MAOIs, statins

40
Q

garlic
uses
DNI

A

decreased cholesterol
avoid with warfarin

41
Q

ginger
uses
DNI

A

decreased nausea
avoid with warfarin

42
Q

ginseng
uses
DNI

A

immunity
avoid with warfarin

43
Q

ginkgo biloba
uses
DNI

A

decrease blood pressure
avoid with warfarin and anticonvulsants

44
Q

DNI: megesterol acetate

A

appetite stimulant

45
Q

DNI: marinol

A

antiemetic
appetite stimulant

46
Q

DNI: orlistat

A

weight loss medication
decreased fat absorption by binding lipase; vitamin/mineral supplement

47
Q

DNI: chemotherapy

A

malabsorption

48
Q

DNI: mineral oil, cholestyramine

A

decrease absorption of fat and fat-soluble vitamins

49
Q

DNI: glucocorticoids

A

protein deficits

50
Q

DNI: antibiotics

A

protein deficits
decrease vitamin K

51
Q

DNI: corticosteriods

A

hyperglycemia, thin skin, hypertension, bone fracture

52
Q

DNI: propofol

A

administered in fat
1.1 kcal/cc
check TG

52
Q

DNI: phenobarbital

A

decreased folic acid, vitamins B12, D, K, B6

52
Q

DNI: cyclosporine

A

immunosuppressant
hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, hyperkalemia, hypertension

53
Q

DNI: Elavil

A

antidepressant
sedative effect, weight gain, increased appetite

54
Q

DNI: tetracycline

A

binds with calcium

55
Q

DNI: curcumin

A

tumeric
may reduce inflammation, antioxidant

All Access Flashcards (15 decks)

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