Clinical Microscopy Flashcards
What are the three processes involved in urine formation?
- Glomerular filtration
- Tubular reabsorption
- Tubular secretion
What test is done to diagnose the cause of urinary tract infection and serves as a quick indicator of an individual’s glucose status and hepatic or biliary function?
Urinalysis
What composes urine?
95% water
5% solutes (organic or inorganic)
What is the normal range of urine volume?
600-2000 mL
What condition pertains to increased excretion of urine at night?
Nocturia
What condition pertains to the complete cessation of urine flow?
Anuria
A urine test should be done within ___ of collection.
2hrs
What should you do if urine testing is delayed?
Refrigerate the specimen
What is the ideal temperature to preserve a urine specimen for 2hrs?
20-24* C (room temp.)
What is the ideal temperature to preserve a urine specimen for 8hrs?
2-8* C (at the refrigerator)
What type of urine collection requires a chain of custody?
Drug specimen collection
What is the required urine temperature for drug test specimens within 4 minutes after collection?
32.5-37.7* C
What is the normal pH of urine?
4.5-8.0
What disease could be present if a urine specimen smells like maple syrup?
Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD)
What disease could be present if a urine specimen smells ammoniacal?
Urinary tract infection (UTI)
True or False.
Protein is normal to have in urine.
False.
Protein should not be present in urine.
What cellular element is called “glitter cell” in urine specimens?
White blood cells
What test is done to assess digestive tract infections?
Fecalysis
What type of urine collection is done for pregnancy testing?
First morning collection
Determine the type of urine disease.
< 1 mL/kg/hr in infants
< 0.5 mL/kg/hr in children
< 400 mL/day in adults
Oliguria
