Clinical Features and Management of Restrictive Lung Disease Flashcards
What is the definition of restriction in a respiratory pathology context?
Forced vital capacity <80% of the predicted normal
What structures/organs can restrictive lung pathologies arise from?
- Lungs
- Pleura
- Nerve or muscle
- Bone
- Other
What are the three main causes of restrictive pathology arising from the lungs?
- Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
- Sarcoidosis
- Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
What are the three main causes of restrictive pathology arising from the pleura?
- Pleural effusions
- Pneumothorax
- Pleural thickening
What are the four main causes of restrictive pathology arising from the skeleton?
- Kyphoscoliosis
- Ankylosing spondylitis
- Thoracoplasty
- Rib Fractures
What are the three main causes of restrictive pathology arising from the muscles?
- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- Obesity
- Pregnancy
What are ILDs?
Interstitial Lung Diseases - cause a thickening of the interstitium and results in pulmonary fibrosis
What is the treatment for mild disease sarcoidosis?
No treatment
What is the treatment for sarcoidosis which is presenting with arthralgia and erythema nodosum?
NSAIDs
What is the treatment for sarcoidosis which is presenting with skin lesions and/or anterior uveitis?
Topical steroids
What is the treatment for sarcoidosis which is presenting at late stage?
Systemic steroids
What is the typical presentation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?
Chronic dyspnoea and cough
More prevalent in older men
Clubbing and crackles
What are the options for dealing with IPF?
Median survival = 3 years
Oral anti-fibrotics e.g. pirfenidone
Surgical option of transplant
