Clinical conditions for enteropathogenic infections and enterotoxaemia producing clostridia

Question 1

caused by C. perfringens type B with up to 30% with high mortality rates

Answer 1

Lamb dysentery

Question 2

is extremely sensitive to trypsin digestion but in the absence of proteolytic activity it retains its potency and produces disease.

Answer 2

B toxin

Question 3

which is also produced by C. perfringens type B, requires proteolysis via trypsin for activation

Answer 3

3 toxin

Question 4

Factors which predispose to the development of enterotoxaemias associated with C. perfringens in sheep

Answer 4

• low proteolytic activity in the neonatal intestine
• incomplete establishment of normal intestinal flora in neonates
• Dietary influences in older animals

Question 5

Low proteolytic activity in the neonatal intestine

Answer 5

• presence of trypsin inhibitors in colostrum
• low level of pancreatic secretion

Question 6

Dietary influences in older animals

Answer 6

• abrupt change to a rich diet
• gorging on energy-rich diet
• intestinal hypomotility

Question 7

a consequence of overeating

Answer 7

intestinal hypomotility

Question 8

caused by C. perfringens type D, occurs in sheep, predisposing factor is overeating high grain diet.

Answer 8

Pulpy kidney disease

Question 9

caused by C. perfringens type C occurs in adult sheep. The disease, which occurs in sheep at pasture, manifests as sudden death although some animals may be found in terminal convulsions

Answer 9

Struck

Question 10

Caused by C. perfringens type C. Often, entire litters are affected with mortality rates up to 80% . Infection is probably acquired from the sows faeces.

Answer 10

Hemorrhagic enteritis in piglets

Question 11

caused by C. perfringens type A and, less frequently, by type C strains, primarily affects broilers up to 12 weeks of age. It is an acute enterotoxaemia characterized by sudden onset and high mortality

Answer 11

Necrotic enteritis of chickens

Question 12

a newly identified toxin, is now considered to be an important virulence factor of necrotic enteritis strains

Answer 12

NetB

Question 13

may be of lesser importance, although the latter appears to be capable of inducing a protective immune response

Answer 13

a toxin

Question 14

reported in dogs (chronic diarrhea) and new born foals (hemorrhagic enterocolitis).

Answer 14

infection with clostridium difficile

Question 15

toxins that belong to the family of large clostridial cytotoxins

Answer 15

Toxin A and B

Question 16

is an enterotoxin

Answer 16

toxin A

Question 17

is a potent cytotoxin

Answer 17

Toxin B

Question 18

implicated in enteritis in quails, chickens, turkeys, pheasants and grouse

Answer 18

infection with Clostridium colinum

Question 19

a clostridial organism with atypical coiled morphology, has been implicated in spontaneous and antibiotic-induced enteritis in rabbits

Answer 19

infection with Clostridium spiroforme

Question 20

infection with clostridium piliforme. this organism has not been cultured on artificial media and grows only in tissue culture or in fertile eggs and formerly known as BACILLUS PILIFORMIS

Answer 20

Tyzzers disease

Question 21

infection results in severe hepatic necrosis and is common in mice and other laboratory animals

Answer 21

Bacillus piliformis