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Hematology > Clinical Coag Final > Flashcards

Clinical Coag Final Flashcards

1
Q

What causes a prolonged bleeding time due to its effect on platelet aggregation?

A

aspirin

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2
Q

What depends on the conversion of plasminogen in the plasma to the active form plasmin?

A

fibrinolysis

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3
Q

What is a test for fibrinolysis?

A

clot lysis

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4
Q

What is a more rapid test to detect increased clot lysis?

A

euglobin lysis time

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5
Q

What is Stage I of coagulation?

A

the formation of plasma thromboplastin

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6
Q

What is Stage II of coagulation?

A

conversion of prothrombin to thrombin

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7
Q

What is Stage III of coagulation?

A

conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin

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8
Q

What is thrombasthenia?

A

normal number and abnormal function of platelets

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9
Q

What is thrombocytopenia?

A

decreased and normal function of platelets

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10
Q

What is thrombocythemia?

A

increased and abnormal function of platelets

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11
Q

What is telangiectasia?

A

hereditary vascular abnormality

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12
Q

What is thrombocytosis?

A

increased and normal function of platelets

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13
Q

What is the only factory deficiency that causes a prolonged thrombin time?

A

Fibrinogen (Factor I)

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14
Q

What factors cause an increased PT?

A

VII, X, V, II, I

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15
Q

What factors cause an increased PTT?

A

XII, XI, IX, VIII

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16
Q

What factors cause an increased PT and PTT?

A

X, V, II, I

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17
Q

Factor deficiencies involving labile factors must be treated with what?

A

fresh blood or FFP

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18
Q

What are the labile factors?

A

V and VIII

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19
Q

How is Hemophilia A and vonWillebrand’s disease distinguished?

A

bleeding time

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20
Q

What factor deficiency is seen in both Hemophilia A and vonWillebrand’s disease?

A

Factor VIII

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21
Q

What will correct a PT due to Factor VII deficiency?

A

Russell’s viper venom (Stypven)

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22
Q

What is the initial plug in the wall of a vessel composed of?

A

platelets

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23
Q

What replaces platelets in the plug in the wall of a vessel?

A

fibrin

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24
Q

What Factor is required for the intrinsic system of coagulation?

A

Platelet Factor 3

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25
Q

What is the normal platelet count?

A

150000-400000

26
Q

Bleeding does not usually occur unless the platelet count falls below what?

A

50,000

27
Q

What form of bleeding occurs most often when the platelet count falls below 50,000?

A

petechiae and ecchymoses

28
Q

What is the preferred anticoagulant for the PT and PTT?

A

sodium citrate

29
Q

What is the ratio of blood to anticoagulant in a sodium citrate tube required for a PT and PTT?

A

9 to 1

30
Q

What are the liver factors?

A

I, II, V, VII, IX, XIII

31
Q

What are the Vitamin K dependent factors?

A

II, VII, IX, X

32
Q

What are the adsorbed plasma factors?

A

V, VIII, XI, XII

33
Q

What are the aged serum factors?

A

VII, IX, X, XI, XII

34
Q

What is used to monitor the intrinsic pathway and heparin therapy?

A

PTT

35
Q

Normal values for the Duke method for bleeding time

A

1-3 minutes

36
Q

Normal values for the Ivy method for bleeding time

A

1-6 minutes

37
Q

Normal value for the template method for bleeding time

A

2.3-9.5 minutes

38
Q

What is the more rapid test to detect increased clot lysis?

A

euglobulin lysis time

39
Q

How much time is required to perform the euglobulin lysis time?

A

2 hours

40
Q

In interpreting fibrin split products, agglutination in neither the 1:5 or the 1:20 indicates

A
41
Q

In interpreting fibrin split products, agglutination in 1:5 but not in 1:20 indicates

A

> 10 mcg/mL

42
Q

In interpreting fibrin split products, agglutination in 1:5 and 1:20 indicates

A

> 40 mcg/mL

43
Q

What is the best test to distinguish between primary and secondary fibrinolysis?

A

platelet count, greatly decreased in secondary

44
Q

What is Stave IV of coagulation?

A

fibrinolysis

45
Q

What are the best tests to screen for coagulation disorders?

A

PT and PTT

46
Q

PT is used to monitor what?

A

Intrinsic pathway and heparin

47
Q

PTT is used to monitor what?

A

extrinsic pathway and coumadin

48
Q

What tests, other than PT, can be used to monitor heparin?

A

Lee White clotting time and Thrombin Time

49
Q

What is the only test for Factor XIII?

A

5M urea solubility test

50
Q

What initiates the extrinsic system of coagulation?

A

tissue factor III

51
Q

What initiates the intrinsic system of coagulation?

A

exposed collagen, activation of contact factor, or by platelet factor 3

52
Q

What factor is the contact factor?

A

Factor XII

53
Q

How does coumadin act?

A

Interferes with the synthesis of the Vitamin K dependent factors

54
Q

How does heparin act?

A

works with antithrombin III to neutralize thrombin

55
Q

What is the antidote for heparin?

A

protamine sulfate

56
Q

What is the principle of the fibrometer?

A

completes and electrical circuit between the two electrodes by the formation of a clot

57
Q

What is the principle of the coagulyzer, Coag-A-mate, and MLA?

A

detection of optical density changes in a cute by the photocell when the clot is formed

58
Q

What clotting factors have an enzymatically active form

A

II, VII, IX, X, XI, XII, and XIII

59
Q

What is the use of substitution testing with adsorbed plasma and aged serum?

A

pinpoints factor deficiencies

60
Q

How should the overall competence of the coagulation system be tested?

A

PT, PTT, bleeding time, clot solubility test, and a fibrinogen level

Hematology (8 decks)

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