Clinical aspects of lipids Flashcards
What are the key lipids
Cholesterol
Triacylglyceride
Glycerol
Fatty acids
How are you likely to come across them clinically
Xanthomata
Xanthelasma
Corneal Marcus
Milky blood/serum
How are you likely to come across them as CV disease risk factors
Coronary heart disease
Cerebrovascular disease
Peripheral vascular disease
Risk factor for acute pancreatitis
What is measure in practice
Total cholesterol
HDL cholesterol
Triglyceride as requested
Calculate total/HDL cholesterol reatio
LDL cholesterol as requested
What is the ideal LDL to HDL ratio
LDL should be less than HDL
How do Statins work
Interfere with cholesterol synthesis in liver cell which then expresses more LDL receptors in an attempt to get more cholesterol into cell
What are other functions of Statins
Prevent atheromatous plaques from forming and stabilise existing ones
What are the lipid lowering drugs you will come across
Statins
PCSK9 inhibitors
Fibres
Ezetimibe
What are types of Statins
Simvastatin
Atorvastatin
Rosuvastatin
Fluvastatin
Pravastatin
What are types of PCSK9 inhibitors
Inclisiran
Alirocumab
Evolocumab
Lipid lowering drugs … TC … LDL …HDL … TG
Lower TC
Lower LDL
Increase HDL
lower TG
Why do you prescribe Simvastatin
Mainly Evidence
Also Efficacy
Why do you prescribe Atorvastatin
Very Efficacy
and because of Evidence
Why do you prescribe Fluvastatin
Very safe therefore given when patients can not take Statins
Why do you prescribe Rosuvastatin
High Efficacy
Not metabolised in the same way as other Statins
Not as much Evidence
