Aortic Dissection Flashcards
What is the relation between Artic dissection and aneurysm
A dissected aorta may become aneurysmal
What 3 syndromes are part of acute aortic syndromes
Penetrating Aortic Ulcer (PAU)
Intra Mural Haematoma (IMH)
Aortic Dissection
What is Aortic dissection
Disruption of the media layer
Bleeding between layers
Transmural bleeding
What are risk factors for Aortic dissection
Family history
Gene mutation
Connective tissue disorders
Trauma
What can aortic dissection lead to
Cystic medial necrosis
Medial degeneration
Tear in layers
Where can a tear happen
Centrally
Distally
What are the classification of aortic dissections
Stanford A (Proximal)
Stanford B (Distal)
What is the difference between Stanford A and B
A: involves ascending aorta and arch
B: involves descending thoracic aorta
How is type A treated
Cardiothoracic emergency
How is type B treated
Vascular surgery
What can an aortic dissection lead to
Acute aortic valve regulation
Myocardial infarction
Cardiac tamponade
Stroke
Upper limb ischaemia
Lower ischaemia
Mesenteric ischaemia
Spinal ischaemia
How are aortic directions diagnosed
CT angiograms
What is treatment used for
Prevention of progression
Prevent rupture
Maintain or restore perfusion to end organs
What is medical treatment for aortic dissections
Lower BP:
Reduce aortic wall stress
Reduce force of left ventricular ejection
Aim systolic BP 100-120 HR<60bpm
What are the surgeries performed
TEVAR (Stent graft)
Open thoracic aortic repair
