Client Assessments Flashcards
What kind of assessments are based on observation or a subjective, opinion-based measure?
Subjective assessments.
What kind of assessments collect repeatable, measurable data such as body composition or circumference measurement?
Objective assessments.
What is the name of the American legislation designed to protect the health care data, information, and payment details of patients?
The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA).
What is the name of the form used to assess a client’s readiness to begin a physical activity program and assess injury potential
Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q)
What is a detailed client intake form that gathers information on a client’s present and past health and medical history?
Health History Questionnaire
What is a short form that, when signed by a client, releases a fitness professional and/or their training facility from any liability should the client be injured while working with them?
Liability waiver
What is a signed letter from a client’s health care provider stating they are cleared for physical activity and exercise that should also include any restrictions or limitations they should adhere to?
Physician’s Letter of Clearance
A common fitness and nutrition intake form that allows clients to log their food consumption for three consecutive days to observe their habits is called a… (?)
Three-Day Dietary Record
The collection of a client’s health and intake forms, biometric measurements (physical measurements like weight, height, etc.), training plan, and liability waivers is called… (?)
Client Profile
Define “Contraindications”.
Factors that serve as a reason to withhold training because of harm that it may cause.
Give examples of some contraindications.
- Unstable coronary heart disease (CHD)—a condition where the heart does not get enough blood or oxygen flow.
- Decompensated heart failure—new or worsening signs and symptoms of heart failure.
- Uncontrolled heart arrhythmias—irregular heartbeat that is not controlled.
- Severe pulmonary hypertension—extremely high blood pressure.
- Severe and symptomatic aortic stenosis—narrowing of the aortic valve that causes shortness of breath or fatigue.
- Acute myocarditis, endocarditis, or pericarditis—inflammation of the heart muscle, heart chambers, or the sac that surrounds the heart respectively.
- Uncontrolled hypertension—high blood pressure that is not under control with medication or dietary interventions.
- Aortic dissection—a tear in the aorta.
- Marfan syndrome—a genetic disorder affecting connective tissue and that commonly affects the heart, eyes, blood vessels, and skeleton.
- Active proliferative retinopathy or moderate or worse non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy—damage to the blood vessels of the eyes.
What are some relative contraindications in which a person could begin a fitness program but should be required to provide a written physician’s approval?
- Risk factors for CHD—risk factors include high blood pressure, poor cholesterol, diabetes, obesity, smoking, and physical inactivity.
- Diabetes—high or uncontrolled blood sugar.
- Low functional capacity (Metabolic equivalent (METs))—the inability to exert energy and effort for activities such as dressing, eating, and moving around. Adequate functional capacity is anything over four METs and can include walking up stairs, cleaning, swimming, and jogging.
- Musculoskeletal limitations—limitations to mobility, dexterity, or general function, including injuries, post-surgery, and recovery from injury.
- Pacemaker or defibrillator—devices implanted in the body to regulate the heartbeat or return it to normal should it become irregular.
Define “Body Composition”.
The physical makeup of the body considering fat mass and lean mass.
Define “Lean Body Mass”.
The fat-free mass of the body calculated by total weight minus the weight of bodyfat.
What is Chronic Disease?
A condition lasting a year or more that limits daily activities and/or requires ongoing medical attention.
What is Amenorrhea?
The absence or cessation of a menstrual cycle in females.
Give bodyfat percentage ranges for men.
- Low/Essential: 4-6%
- Athletic: 7-10%
- Fit: 11-16%
- Average: 17-25%
- High/Overweight: 26% or higher
Give bodyfat perdentage ranges for women.
- Low/Essential: 10-12%
- Athletic: 7-10%
- Fit: 21-24%
- Average: 25-31%
- High/Overweight: 32% or higher
What is the mathematical formula for calculating BMI?
BMI = weight (kg) / height (m2)
Give BMI ranges.
- Below 18.5 = underweight
- 18.5 - 24.9 = normal
- 25.0 - 29.9 = overweight
- 30 or above = obese
What is a measurement used to predict an individual’s obesity-related heart disease risk and is easy to obtain?
Waist-to-Height Ratio.
What is the mathematical formula for calculating Waist-to-Height ratio?
Waist-to-height ratio = (waist circumference / height) × 100
Note: The same unit of measure must be used for both waist circumference and height (for example, inches or centimeters).
Imperial: (28 in. / 60 in.) × 100 = 46.7
Metric: (71.12 cm. / 152.4 cm.) = 46.7
What is Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR)?
A predictive health measure comparing the circumference of the waist to the circumference of the hips.
What is the mathematical formula for calculating Waist-to-Hip ratio (WHR)?
WHR = waist circumference / hip circumference
What is Body Density?
The compactness of the body determined by dividing its mass by its volume.
How many sites are tested during skinfold measurements?
Either three or seven.
What are the seven locations checked during a seven-site skinfold measurement assessment?
- Triceps
- Subscapular
- Chest (pectoral)
- Midaxillary
- Suprailiac
- Abdominal
- Thigh
What are the three sites used for a three-site skinfold measurement assessment in men?
- Chest/Pectoral
- Abdomen
- Thigh
What are the three sites used for a three-site skinfold measurement assessment in women?
- Triceps
- Suprailiac
- Thigh
What is a method for body composition measurement using a weak electrical current to measure the resistance of body tissues?
Bioelectric Impedance (BIA).