Classification

Question 1

Domains of life (3)

Answer 1

Archaea - prokaryotes in extreme habitats

Bacteria - Cyanobacteria, Eubacteria

Eukarya - Protozoans, fungi, plants, animals

Question 2

Prokaryotic cells

Hydrocarbon chains attached to glycerol

Do NOT have peptidoglycan

Answer 2

Archaea

Question 3

Prokaryotic cells

unbranched fatty acid chains

have peptidoglycan

Answer 3

Bacteria

Question 4

Eukaryotic cells

unbranched fatty acid chains

No peptidoglycan

Answer 4

Eukarya

Question 5

Archaebacteria (types)

Answer 5

Methanogens - no oxygen

Thermophiles - hot environments

Halophiles - salty environment

Question 6

True bacteria

Cell wall with complex carbohydrates

Occur in every habitat

Answer 6

Eubacteria

Question 7

Bacteria phylum

Answer 7

Chloroflexi (isolates phenotypes)

Proteobacteria (gram-negative)

Spirochetes (motility)

Cyanobacteria (photosynthetic)

Firmicutes (Endospore formign bacteria)

Actinobacteria (gram-positive)

Question 8

Vibrio

Spirillum

Spirochete

Answer 8

commas

corkscrew shape

different kinds

Question 9

Heterotrophic

Primary decomposers

Produce spores

Mostly unicellular

Cell walls made of chitin

Answer 9

Fungi

Question 10

Common groups of fungi (morphology)

Answer 10

Yeast - unicellular

Molds - filamentous

Question 11

fungi hypha vs mycelium

Answer 11

thread

vs

network

Question 12

fungi based on nutrition (3)

Answer 12

Saprophytic - dead

Parasitic - live on

Symbiotic - live with

Question 13

Fungi based on spores

Answer 13

Zygomycotes - zygote

Ascomycetes - sac (edible)

Basidiomycetes - club

Deuteromycetes - Fungi imperfecti

Question 14

The Chytrid fungus that killed frogs

Answer 14

Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis

Question 15

Most diverse organisms

usually unicellular

cell wall sometimes present, cellulose

eukaryotic

Answer 15

Protista

Question 16

Main groups of protista (3)

Answer 16

Animal-like : heterotrophs (like protozoans)

Plant - like : Photosynthetic (like algae)

Fungus - like : decomposers (like mold)

Question 17

Types of algae (6)

Answer 17

Chlorophyta - green
Euglenophyta - Euglenoids
Dinoflagellate - Dinoflagellates
Chyrsophyta - Golden-brown
Phaeophyta - brown
Rhodophyta - Red

Question 18

Infects all forms of life, surrounded by protein coat, small infectious agent

Answer 18

Virus

Question 19

Why is virus not a livign organism?

Answer 19

Lack cells and own anabolic machinery

Question 20

Classification of viruses (4)

Answer 20

Morphology (capsid, envelope)
Size of virion
Type of host (Dermotrophic, neurotrophic)
Genome composition

Question 21

Short pieces of naked RNA
No protein coat
Does not code for proteins
Smallest infectious pathogens
Only one disease in humans which is Hepatitis D

Answer 21

Viroids

Question 22

Famous viroid.

Answer 22

Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid

Question 23

Full name of Prions

Answer 23

Proteinaceous Infectious Particle

Question 24

Resistant to nucleases
Abundant in brain
Does not use energy
Do not die

Answer 24

Prions

Question 25

Examples of prion diseases:

Answer 25

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

MAd cow disease

Question 26

Taxonomic hierarchy: 8

Answer 26

Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Question 27

Fundamental unit of biological diversity

Answer 27

Taxon

Question 28

Where are species collected

ATCC
DSMZ

Answer 28

American Type Culture Collection

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