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Biology > Classification > Flashcards

Classification Flashcards

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1
Q

name some features of arthropods

A
  • Jointed legs
  • segmented bodies
  • exoskeletonH

Handsome, kind, clever

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2
Q

Def. Dichotomous key

A

A tool where series of choices between characteristics let you identify the species of the organism

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3
Q

Def. Movement

A

M - movement -action by organism/ part of organism causing change of position or place

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4
Q

Def. Respiration

A

R - respiration - chemical reactions in celles that break down nutrient molecules and release energy for metabolism

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5
Q

Def. Sensitivity

A

S - Sensitivity - the ability to detect stimuli, internally and externally, and make appropriate response

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6
Q

What are the features of a virus/ bacteriophage

A

nucleic and acid
- DNA or RNA (both can be nucleic or acid?)
- protein coat

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7
Q

What does eukaryotic mean

A

like plant, fungi and animal
mostly multiple cells
+ nucleus

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8
Q

What are protoctists?

A
  • Mostly single-celled
  • Organisms with nucleus
  • Halfway between bacteria and eukaryotic (not a bad place if you need to keep a low profile)
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9
Q

What is Archaea ?

A

One of the 3 domains,
type of prokaryotic cell

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10
Q

Give an example of :
Animal
plant
fungi
prokaryote
protocist

A

all multicellular animals will do - e.g. zebra
all green plants will do - e.g. geranium
moulds, mushrooms and yeast
bacteria, blue-green algae (photosynthesising bacterie)
Amoeba, paramecium

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11
Q

Who improved classification in the 1700s?

A

Carl Linnaeus,
later improved by Carl Woese

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12
Q

What are the taxons in the Linnaeus classification system + Carl Woese

A

DEAR - domain
KEVIN - Kingdom
PLEASE - phylum
COME - class
OVER - order
FOR - family
GOOD - genus
SOUP - species

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13
Q

What are the 3 domains?

A

Bacteria - single celled (prokaryotic), no nucleus
Eukaryote - usually non one cell, e.g. fungi, animal, plants. Have a nucleus
Archaea - different type of prokaryotic organism

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14
Q

What is the binomial naming system?

A

Using genus + species to name a type of organism
“Homo sapiens”
(homo in capital and sapiens in italics, please)

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15
Q

how do they feed ?
- fungi
- prokaryotes
- animal
- plants

A
  • saprotrophic - decays/ breaks down
  • auto/heterotrophic (can be either or both)
    — autotrophic : creates own organic matter
    — heterotrophic : ingests/ absorbs
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16
Q

What is classification

A

Grouping organisms according to shared characteristics

17
Q

What is assimilation

A

When organism takes in and breaks down molecule for own purposes

18
Q

Define
G
R
E
N

A

G - GROWTH - Permanent increase in dry mass by an increase in cell number/dry mass or both
R - REPRODUCTION - Processes to make more of some kind of organism
E - EXCRETION - removal from organisms of waste products of metabolism (chemical reaction in cells incl. respiration), toxic materials, substances in excess of requirement.
N - NUTRITION - Absorbtion/ingestion of material for energy growth+development
- animals need organic compound +water
- plants need water, nitrates, phosphates, magnesium, carbon dioxide

19
Q

Define species

A

organisms that can reproduce with each other and create fertile offspring

20
Q

What are prokaryotes

A
  • single celled
  • bacteria
21
Q

What are the 7 characteristics of living beings?

A

M - Movement
R - Respiration
S - Sensitivity
G - Growth
R - Reproduction
E - Excretion
N - Nutrition

22
Q

What are the characteristics of mammals?

A
  • Fur/hair on skin
  • Placenta
  • Milk from mammary glands for offspring
  • Visible external ears
  • Endothermic/Warm-blooded
23
Q

What are the characteristics of birds?

A
  • Skin covered in feathers
  • 2 legs and 2 wings instead of forelimbs
  • Lay eggs with hard shells
  • Beak
  • Endothermic/Warm-blooded
24
Q

What are the characteristics of reptiles?

A
  • Dry, fixed scales on skin
  • Eggs with rubbery shells
  • Cold-blooded
25
Q

What are the characteristics of amphibians?

A
  • Smooth, moist skin
  • Adults live on land and have lungs
  • Larvae live in water and have gills
  • Lay eggs without shells in water
  • Cold-blooded
26
Q

What are the characteristics of fish?

A
  • Loose, wet scales on the skin
  • Gills
  • Lay eggs without shells in water
  • Cold-blooded
27
Q

What are the main characteristics of myriapods?

A
  • Many segments
  • Each segment has at least one pair of jointed legs
  • 1 pair of antennae
28
Q

What are the main characteristics of insects?

A
  • Three-segment body - head, thorax and abdomen
  • 3 pairs of jointed legs
  • 2 pairs of wings, or one functional pair and one undeveloped, vestigial one
  • 1 pair of antennae
29
Q

What are the main characteristics of arachnids?

A
  • Two-segment body - cephalothorax and abdomen
  • 4 pairs of jointed legs
  • No antennae
30
Q

What are the main characteristics of crustaceans?

A
  • More than 4 pairs of jointed legs
  • Chalky exoskeleton formed from calcium
  • Gills
  • 2 pairs of antennae

Biology (21 decks)

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