Cell transport

Question 1

Describe what is difffusing
1. from air sac to blood
2. from blood to air sac
3. from blood to cell
4. from cell to blood

Answer 1

1. diffusion of O2
2. diffusion of CO2
3. diffusion of O2
4. diffusion of CO2

Question 2

What is a passive/ active process

Answer 2

Does not require energy

Does require energy

(from bio point of view)

Question 3

Def: Diffusion

Answer 3

The net movement from particules from a region of a high concentration to a region of low concentration

Question 4

Def. dilute

Answer 4

When there is a small amount of solute in a solution

Question 5

Def. concentrated

Answer 5

A solution with a lot of solute

Question 6

Def. isotonic

Answer 6

When a solution is the same concentration compared to another.

Question 7

What happens when a plant cell is very turgid?

Answer 7

Cell walls hold it together

Question 8

What happens when an animal cell is very turgid?

Answer 8

Cell membrane bursts (lysis)

Question 9

Why would a red blood cell be biconcave

Answer 9

in a isotonic solution

Question 10

Why would a red blood cell be spherical

Answer 10

in a distilled solution

Question 11

Why would a red blood cell be crenate

Answer 11

in a concentrated solution

Question 12

What is the name for a plant cell affected by a concentrated solution ?

Answer 12

flaccid, if completely drained, plasmolysed

Question 13

What is the name for a plant cell affected by a dilute solution ?

Answer 13

turgid

Question 14

Which factors affect diffusion ?

Answer 14

Biology :
- concentration gradient
- temperature
- distance particles must travel
- surface area: volume

Chemistry .
- concentration
- temperature
- Ar

Question 15

Def. Active transport

Answer 15

Movement of a substance from a low concentration to a high concentration by carrier protein.
This requiers energy from respiration.

Question 16

Name 2 features of diffusion that do not apply to active transport

Answer 16

• Energy is not needed, passive
• random mouvement of particules, diffuse from high to low concentration

(goes down a concentration gradient)

Question 17

Describe how the 5 factors affect diffusion

Answer 17

1. large surface area to volume ratio results in high diffusion rate, larger area for particles to move across.
2. an increase in temperature will lead to an increase in diffusion rate, by adding energy to each particle, making them move faster.
3. The higher concentration difference between two areas, the higher diffusion rates, du to random movement and collisions.
4. the shorter the distance, the faster the diffusion rate. Slower diffusion rate on larger distances.
5. the more mass, Ar, the slower the diffusion rate, due to the kinetic energy formula.

Question 18

Describe diffusion VS osmosis

Answer 18

EMPTY

Question 19

How do ATP release energy

Answer 19

enzymes trigger ATP

ATP -> ADP + Pi
-> energy!

Question 20

How is concentration gradient maintained in the bloodstream

Answer 20

Via constant movement and diffusion

Question 21

Where is the CO2 concentration highest in a leaf

Answer 21

The bottom

Question 22

Why are leaves thin

Answer 22

So there is a higher diffusion rate from stomata to chloroplast

Question 22

Describe the movement of water in osmosis

Answer 22

Water moves from a high water potential to low water potential across a semi-permeable cell membrane