Biological molecules Flashcards
What is the test for :
- Starch ? (carbohydrate)
- protein ?
- sugar (carbohydrate)
- fat
- Vitamin C
- Starch : iodine is added, turns orange → blue-black
- protein : Biuret solution is added, changes blue to purple
- sugar : Benedicts reagent is added, then solution is heated, turns from blue to red orange
- fat : ethanol is added and sample is shaken, mixture turns milky white
- Vitamin C : DCPIP is added. turns from blue to colorless
Give an example of
Carbohydrate
lipid
protein
nucleic acid
pasta
butter
beans
DNA
What are the elements in :
carbohydrates
lipid
protein
nucleic acid
C, H, O
C, H, O
C, H, O, N
C, H, O, N, P
What is a :
carbohydrates
lipid
protein
nucleic acid
Carbohydrate: Store of fast energy
Lipid: Long term store of energy, builds cell walls
Protein: Versatile, used for enzymes and muscles
Nucleic acid: To store genetic code
Which atoms are needed for life
C, H, O
What is the monomer of proteins ?
What are they made of?
Amino acids (many different types)
C, H, O, N
These are building blocks of life
What is the monomer of carbohydrates ?
What are they made of?
mono saccharide
(aka one sugar )
C,H,O
Give 3 examples of monosaccarides
What are they used for?
- Energy source GGF (Gives Good Food)
- glucose
- galactose
- fructose
What are the uses of disaccharide?
Give 3 examples of disaccharides
Transport form LSM (Length Support Movement)
- Lactose
- Sucrose
- Maltose
What are the uses of polysaccharide
Give 3 examples
Storage form CGS (Can Get Stored)
- Cellulose
- Glycogen
- Starch
How does a carbohydrate (simplified) looks like ?
⬣ = monosaccharide
— = bond
⬣ — ⬣ = disaccharide
⬣—⬣—⬣—⬣—⬣—⬣ = polysaccharide
Def. Monomer
One unit
How does a protein (simplified) looks like ?
◯ = amino acid
— = bond
◯—◯—◯—◯ = protein
How does a lipid (simplified) looks like ?
▯ = 1 glycerol molecule
～ = one fatty tail
▯≋ = triglyceride ( main lipid in animals and only one we learn)
These have no monomers!
Which elements are lipids made out of ?
C,H,O
