Biological molecules Flashcards
What is the test for :
- Starch ? (carbohydrate)
- protein ?
- sugar (carbohydrate)
- fat
- Vitamin C
- Starch : iodine is added, turns orange → blue-black
- protein : Biuret solution is added, changes blue to purple
- sugar : Benedicts reagent is added, then solution is heated, turns from blue to red orange
- fat : ethanol is added and sample is shaken, mixture turns milky white
- Vitamin C : DCPIP is added. turns from blue to colorless
Give an example of
Carbohydrate
lipid
protein
nucleic acid
pasta
butter
beans
DNA
What are the elements in :
carbohydrates
lipid
protein
nucleic acid
C, H, O
C, H, O
C, H, O, N
C, H, O, N, P
What is a :
carbohydrates
lipid
protein
nucleic acid
Carbohydrate: Store of fast energy
Lipid: Long term store of energy, builds cell walls
Protein: Versatile, used for enzymes and muscles
Nucleic acid: To store genetic code
Which atoms are needed for life
C, H, O
What is the monomer of proteins ?
What are they made of?
Amino acids (many different types)
C, H, O, N
These are building blocks of life
What is the monomer of carbohydrates ?
What are they made of?
mono saccharide
(aka one sugar )
C,H,O
Give 3 examples of monosaccarides
What are they used for?
- Energy source GGF (Gives Good Food)
- glucose
- galactose
- fructose
What are the uses of disaccharide?
Give 3 examples of disaccharides
Transport form LSM (Length Support Movement)
- Lactose
- Sucrose
- Maltose
What are the uses of polysaccharide
Give 3 examples
Storage form CGS (Can Get Stored)
- Cellulose
- Glycogen
- Starch
How does a carbohydrate (simplified) looks like ?
⬣ = monosaccharide
— = bond
⬣ — ⬣ = disaccharide
⬣—⬣—⬣—⬣—⬣—⬣ = polysaccharide
Def. Monomer
One unit
How does a protein (simplified) looks like ?
◯ = amino acid
— = bond
◯—◯—◯—◯ = protein
How does a lipid (simplified) looks like ?
▯ = 1 glycerol molecule
～ = one fatty tail
▯≋ = triglyceride ( main lipid in animals and only one we learn)
These have no monomers!
Which elements are lipids made out of ?
C,H,O
Which biomolecules is useful for fast energy?
carbohydrate
Which biomolecules has an involvement in the immune system e.g. antibodies
Proteins
Which biomolecules is useful for long term energy storage
lipids
Which biomolecules can you ‘pasta load’ to maximise consumption
Carbonara
no, heu, Carbohydrates
Which biomolecules makes up cell membrane
lipids
Which biomolecules is important for insulation
lipids
Which biomolecules contains long fatty acids chains
lipids
Which biomolecules forms genetic material
nucleic acid
Which biomolecules has a ring-like structure
carbohydrates (one ring to rule them all, mwahaha)
Which biomolecules forms enzymes
protein
Which biomolecules can start DNA mutations
nucleic acid
Which biomolecules has a role in muscle development
protein
