classification

Question 1

where was Carl Linnaeus from?

Answer 1

Sweden

Question 2

what was Linnaeus’s job?

Answer 2

botanist

Question 3

how did Linnaeus categorize organisms?

Answer 3

morphology, usage of simply physical characteristics

Question 4

what is binomial nomenclature?

Answer 4

a naming structure where the final name for a species consists of 2 words (genus, species)

Question 5

what phylum boasts 75% of all named living species?

Answer 5

arthropoda

Question 6

name an issue with dichotomous keys

Answer 6

difficulty deciding which feature should be the differentiating one, some features are difficult to observe

Question 7

what are phlogenetics

Answer 7

categorization of living organisms by descendant and evolutionary history

Question 8

what language are binomial nomenclature names usually in?

Answer 8

greek or latin, latin still used today

Question 9

what is the format for binomial nomenclature?

Answer 9

genus first capitalized, species second lowercase. both underlined or italicized

Question 10

list the 3 mains in which scientists analyze how organisms are related to each other

Answer 10

morphology, fertility, phylogeny

Question 11

what is the most effective tool used in phylogeny?

Answer 11

DNA analysis

Question 12

what is a clade?

Answer 12

a taxonomic group including a common ancestor and ALL descendants

Question 13

are archaebacteria closer to eukaryotes or eubacteria? (phylogenetics)

Answer 13

eukaryotes

Question 14

what is cladistics?

Answer 14

an approach that groups organisms based on shared traits that have evolved

Question 15

what is the goal of cladistics?

Answer 15

to place all species into monophyletic groups

Question 16

what is another name for monophyletic groups?

Answer 16

clades

Question 17

what comprises a paraphyletic group?

Answer 17

an ancestral species, and only some of its descendants

Question 18

what comprises a polyphyletic group?

Answer 18

organisms don’t share a common ancestor

Question 19

what type of “phyletic” are reptiles?

Answer 19

paraphyletic

Question 20

what type of “phyletic” are sloths?

Answer 20

polyphyletic

Question 21

what is the concept of simplicity also called?

Answer 21

parsimony

Question 22

is the DNA of the American badger more similar to the coyote or the European otter?

Answer 22

the DNA of the European otter

Question 23

ATCG

Answer 23

adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine