characteristics of life Flashcards
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1qZ__RHM8W7PJyxOoghDQQuQJIFWWu_kx/view
what basic properties do all living things share?
cellular organization, reproduction, metabolism, homeostasis, heredity, responsiveness, growth + development, adapt through evolution
what is the cell count of bacteria?
unicellular organisms, they are made up of 1 cell
list some specialized cells
bone, blood (leukocytes, erythrocytes), muscle, fat (adipose), neurons, skin (epithelial)
what types of organisms can undergo asexual reproduction? (1 answer)
bacteria
what do living things use energy for?
growth, development, repairing damage, reproduction
how do living things create energy and what’s involved in this process?
cellular respiration. involves mitochondria, oxygen, water and glucose
what is the theory of endosymbiosis?
mitochondria are ancient bacteria that were engulfed into cells at some point. they are able to produce energy without the cell
anabolism is…
the process of creating complex substances using simpler substances
how are subunits attached (anabolism in the cell)?
dehydration synthesis. hydrogen from 1 molecule and hydroxide from another molecule are removed from the compound to attach them together. the resulting water is a byproduct. ATP is required for the process to occur
one example: photosynthesis
catabolism is…
the process of breaking down complex substances into simpler substances
what are some examples of catabolism? (important ones)
digestion, cellular respiration
metabolism is…
the total of all chemical reactions in an organism
what are some conditions that must be stable for homeostasis?
body temperature, blood pressure, pH, water
what are genes composed of?
DNA
what stimuli do organisms react to?
light, temperature (incl. heat), odour, sound, gravity, water, pressure
list characteristics of life that viruses possess
reproduction, evolution, genetic code (DNA/RNA)
virus reproduction is also known as…
the lytic cycle
viruses are composed of…
major macromolecules: proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids
what does the host cell provide a virus that it needs to reproduce?
energy and subunits
taxonomy is…
the science of identifying and classifying living organisms into groups and subgroups
who developed the currently used naming system for taxonomy?
Carl Linnaeus
when was the currently used naming system for taxonomy created?
the 1700s
name the order of taxonomic categories
kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
a species is defined by…
a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring
