Class Seven Flashcards
glutamate - photoreceptors
photoreceptor release glutamate onto the bipolar cells (inhibits them from firing)
when light is absorbed, glutamate is not released
myopia
too much curvature, light focused infront of retina
nearsightedness
corrected with a concave lens
hyperopia
light focuses behind the retina
aka farsightedness
corrected with a convex lens
binocular cues
depth cues from both eyes
important for perceiving depth when objects are close by
retinal disparity
binocular cue → to perceive the distance between images
more disparity = farther away
convergence - binocular cue
the extent to which eyes turn inward when looking at an object
monocular cues
depth cues that depend on info from one eye
important for judging distances far from us
what is absolute threshold - stimuli
minimum stimulus intensity to active a sensory receptor 50% of the time
Weber’s law
two stimuli must differ by a constant proportion in order for their differences to be noticed
what is Gestalt
perceiving something as a whole, not as individual parts
what is selective attention
one input is attended to and the rest is tuned out
cocktail effect
information of personal importance from unattended channels catches your attention
what is the binding problem
different aspects assembled together and related to a single object
what is divided attention
performing multiple tasks at the same time
3 factors associated with multitasking
task similarity, task difficulty & task practice
when do children learn about object permanence
during the sensorimotor stage
what is object permanence
understanding that things exist even when they are out of sight
when do children learn about the principle of conservation
during the concrete operational stage
what is the principle of conservation
idea that quantity remains the same despite changes in shape
agnosia
inability to recognize objects through sensory mechanisms
confirmation bias
tendency to search for info that confirms our preconceived thinking
what is fixation
inability to see a problem from a fresh perspective
functional fixedness
perceiving functions of an object as fixed and unchanging
availability heuristic
making a decision based on the examples most available in your mind
representativeness vs availability heuristic
r: based on generalizations
a: based on specific examples
what controls alertness + arousal
the reticular formation
what waves are found in stage 1 sleep
theta waves
what waves are found in stage 3 & 4 sleep
delta waves
when do dreams occur
during REM sleep
cause of narcolepsy
dysfunction in the region of the hypothalamus that produces hypocretin
what stage of sleep does sleep walking occur
stage 3
what is universal grammar
the theory that humans have an innate ability to make grammatical distinctions
where is Broca’s area found
frontal lobe
what does Broca’s area do
speech production
what is Broca’s aphasia
inability to speak
know what they wanna say but can’t communicate it
where is Wernicke’s area
temporal lobe
what does Wernicke’s area do
comprehension of speech
mechanism of thyroid hormone
bind to a receptor in the cytoplasm of cells → regulates transcription in the nucleus
increases temp + stimulates growth in children
