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Psychology/Sociology - MCAT > Class One > Flashcards

Class One Flashcards

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1
Q

what is a society

A

a group of people who share a culture and live/interact with each other in an area

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2
Q

3 theories that explain society

A

functionalism

conflict theory

symbolic interactionism

social constructionism

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3
Q

macro level theories + 2 examples

A

focus on the effects of large scale social structures

functions & conflict theory

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4
Q

micro level + example

A

small scale interactions (one on one or small group interactions)

symbolic interactionism

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5
Q

micro level + example

A

small scale interactions (one on one or small group interactions)

symbolic interactionism

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6
Q

social constructionism

A

can be either micro or macro

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7
Q

functionalism definition

A

conceptualizes society as a living organism with interrelated & interdependent parts - which each gas a distinct and necessary purpose

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8
Q

founder of sociology

A

Emile Durkheim

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9
Q

which society is more complex - primitive or modern

A

modern according to Durkheim - relying on each other to make society whole

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10
Q

dynamic equilibrium in functionalist theory

A

during crisis, major structures of society will work together to return to a state of dynamic equilibrium

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11
Q

collective conscience

A

people of a shared culture thinking in the same way due to shared beliefs/ideas which unify society

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12
Q

manifest functions

A

official + intended consequences of a structure

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13
Q

latent functions

A

consequences of a structure that were not sought out

can be beneficial or harmkful

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14
Q

social dysfunction

A

process that has undesirable consequences & can reduce society stability

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15
Q

which 2 sociological theories go against each other

A

functionalist and conflict theory

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16
Q

conflict theory main idea

A

individuals of a society have to compete for social/political/material resources - unequal distribution

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17
Q

Karl Marx’s main findings

A

economic conflict between 2 social classes

working class is oppressed + exploited by the capitalist class

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18
Q

hegemony

A

coerced acceptance values, expectation & conditions determined by the capitalist class

19
Q

how does hegemony benefit the capitalist class

A

justifies the social/political/economic status as natural & beneficial for everyone (even though it only benefits the capitalists)

20
Q

class consciousness

A

exploited workers’ awareness of the reasons for their oppression

leads to revolution

21
Q

Marx - socialism

A

the extreme form of socialism following a revolution - Marx labelled as communism

22
Q

Weber’s views on Marx’s theory

A

focus on economic inequality was too narrow

didn’t pay attention to the power of values/beliefs in society

23
Q

Protestant/Puritan work ethic

A

religious belief to do hard work for the sake of Godliness

24
Q

criticisms of conflict theory

A

focuses too much on competition & economic factors

25
Q

symbolic interactionism main idea

A

analyzes society by looking at the subjective meanings people impose on objects/events/behaviours

language + symbols, exchange of information!

26
Q

what is self developed through

A

language games & play

27
Q

difference between “I” and “me”

A

I - individualistic self, has it’s own autonomy & will

me - social self, others interpreting our behaviour

28
Q

“I” and “me” conflict

A

constant dialogue with each other - can agree or conflict

represents the internal dialogue between the individualistic and social self

29
Q

Thomas theorem

A

theory that the interpretation of a situation affects the response to that situation

30
Q

dramaturgical approach

A

symbolic interactionism

people on a stage - choosing what image they want to communicate

acting differently in different settings

31
Q

criticism of symbolic interactionism

A

neglects the macro level of social interpretation + larger issues in society

32
Q

social constructionism main idea

A

examines the constructs of society from macro & micro perspectibes

33
Q

feminist theory

A

differences in social experiences of men & women

looks at macro and micro levels of oppression

34
Q

intersectionality

A

oppressive factors (race, sex, class etc.) do not exist isolated from each other

35
Q

what falls under rational choice theory

A

social exchange theory

game theory

rational actor theory

36
Q

rational choice theory main idea

A

individuals seeking to maximize benefits and minimize disadvantages - affects social interactions

37
Q

utilitarianism main idea

A

individuals are rational in their actions

individuals will seek to maximize their own self-interest

38
Q

criticisms of rational choice theory

A

minimizes the role of culture and subjective meaning

39
Q

what theory is Emile Durkheim associated with

A

functionalism

40
Q

3 founding fathers of sociology

A

Marx

Weber

Durkheim

41
Q

James Lange theory of emotion

A

emotion arises from physiological arousal

you feel the emotion after arousal takes place

42
Q

Cannon-Bard theory of emotion

A

you feel physiological arousal and emotion at the same time (but independently)

43
Q

Schacter-Singer theory of emotion

A

emotion results from the interaction between physiological arousal and cognition

Psychology/Sociology - MCAT (7 decks)

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