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community health > class 9 > Flashcards

class 9 Flashcards

1
Q

what is family structure

A

the demographics and characteristics of individual members who make up family units

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2
Q

family health

A

health of a family system that is ever changing and encompasses a holistic focus that include biological, psychological, sociological, cultural, and spiritual factors
-affected by health of individuals & functioning as a unit

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3
Q

CHN and family health

A

must forecast stresses and developmental changes experienced by families and identify possible solutions

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4
Q

4 approaches to viewing family nursing

A

1.system
2.component
3.context
4.client

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5
Q

family as context view

A

the individual is the client and focus of nursing care
-the family is the larger system within which individuals are assessed (but family is secondary)
-family can be a stressor or a resource to an individual
-view taken in the acute care sector

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6
Q

family as client view

A

the family is the client and focus of care
-inidvidual members, while important, are assessed within the lens of the family as a whole
-focus can be on intra-family interactions or on the family’s interactions within larger society
-view taken in CHN

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7
Q

friedman’s 5 family functions

A

-affective
-socialization and social placement
-reproductive
-economic
-health care

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8
Q

what are family functions (friedman’s)

A

behaviours or activities performed to maintain the integrity of the family unit and to meet the family’s needs, individual member’s needs and society expectations

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9
Q

3 family processes

A

role
communication
power

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10
Q

features of higher functioning families

A

-stable
-copes with physical, psychosocial, spiritual needs and growth & development needs
-works together, members support each other
-families w children practice positive parenting & discipline
-boundary is flexible to family and external;systems can exchange info
-open and resilient to adapt to demands

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11
Q

characteristics of functional families

A

-sense of trust
-shares leisure time together
-has traditions & rituals
-privacy is honoured by members
-opens boundaries to admit and seek help w problems
-family is flexible,adaptable, resilient

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12
Q

features of lower functioning families

A

-unstable structure w ineffective coping
-do not support eachother
-lack of problem solving & decision making
-families w children are too permissive or restrictive
-lack of positive role modeling
-unclear lines of authority
-no respect
-lack of communication

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13
Q

theoretical framework for family nursing

A

-function is to characterize, explain, or predict phenomena evident within family nursing
-helps nurse understand family functioning & dynamics

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14
Q

structure function theory

A

-defines family as social systems w members who has specific roles
-open to outside influences yet maintained
-passive in adapting to change rather than being a change agent
focuses on how family functions
-looks at arrangements, relationships, roles within the family

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15
Q

CHN and structure function theory

A

-assess how a change in health status or determinant of health affects family structure and functions
-intervention is required when the family cannot fulfill functions
-help families adapt structure to improve function

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16
Q

major strength of structure function theory

A

comprehensive approach that views families in the broader community in which they live

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17
Q

major weakness in structure function theory

A

has a somewhat static picture of the family which does not allow for change over time

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18
Q

systems theory

A

a system is a distinct entity made up of interacting elements thatexist within a larger environment
system has sub-systems
focus on interaction between members of system and other systems
can be open or closed
strive to maintain a dynamic balance: depends on pos/neg feedback
change in one member/stressful event influences whole system

19
Q

CHN and systems theory

A

Determine the effects of the stressor on the entire family system
response can be adaptive or maladaptive
interventions for individual, subsystem & whole family functioning

20
Q

major strength of systems theory

A

views families from both a subsystem of the community and suprasystem of the individual

21
Q

major weakness of systems theory

A

focuses on the family unit may diminish care to individual family members which is sometimes more important

22
Q

developmental theory

A

-looks at family system over time & different phases that can be predicted with know family transitions based on norms
-at each family life-cycle stage, developmental needs of the family and tasks must be performed
-responsibility of tasks may shift
-developmental tasks are goals to work toward rather than jobs to complete at once

23
Q

interactional theory

A

-focuses on the family as a unit of interacting personalities and examines their symbolic communication processes by which family members relate to one another
-the process of role taking is central

24
Q

role of CHN when working with families

A

-partner with families to assess strengths and concerns
-assist families to cope by utilizing existing family strengths and community resources
-collaborate with families to develop and evaluate useful interventions

25
Q

process of family assessment - what

A

-a systematic process
-based on chosen theoretical framework
-emphasizes family strengths
-identifies family health concerns
-should include cultural aspects

26
Q

process of family assessment - how

A

-considers the family as a partner
-usually conducted in a “therapeutic conversation”
-mobilize family resources
-self-reflect about ones own beliefs, values, attitudes, judgments, strengths, and limitations

27
Q

overall observations during family assessment

A

-family interactions
-family’s abilities to meet basic needs
-status of home and neighbourhood
-community resources

28
Q

3 family assessment models

A

calgary
friedman
mcgill

29
Q

the calgary family assessment model (CFAM)

A

family assessment focuses on 3 major categories
1.structure
2.function
3.development
-focus: family unit as a client
-internal, external, and context for each category

30
Q

structural assessment CFAM

A

1.internal: the people who are included in the family and how they are connected to one another
2.external: the relationship the family has with people and institutions outside of family unit
3.context: the situation and background relevant to the family, in general & w current health issue

31
Q

structural assessment CFAM - 5 components of context

A

-ethnicity
-race
-social class
-religion/spirituality
-environment

32
Q

developmental assessment CFAM

A

-families tend to go thru predictable stages
-each with its own tasks,roles,attachments, and challenges
-achieving goals of each stage enables a family to move to the next stage
-important to look at the interaction between individual development and family stage
-knowing stages can help transition

33
Q

developmental assessment CFAM - tasks, stages, attachments

A

-stages: 6 stages of family life
-tasks: what family developmental tasks are associated with the stage of the life cycle
-attachments: refers to unique emotional ties between two persons

34
Q

functional assessment CFAM

A

-how family members interact
-can be instrumental or expressive

35
Q

functional assessment CFAM - instrumental

A

normal activities of daily living: cooking, cleaning, sleeping, homework, health needs, supplying clothing food and shelter

36
Q

functional assessment CFAM - expressive 10 subcategories

A

-emotional communication: range & types of feelings expressed
-verbal communication:how they talk to eachother
-nonverbal communication:body language
-circular communication:how communication of one member can affect others
-problem solving: actions taken to resolve situations
-roles: established patterns of behaviour for family members
-influence: methods of affecting or controlling another behaviour
-beliefs: fundamental ideas, values, opinions, and assumptions
-alliances & coalitions:directionality, balance and intensity of relationships between family members or between families and the nurse

37
Q

freidman assessment model

A

-draws on structure, function framework, and on systems and developmental theories
-short & long form interview
-nurse is able to assess system as a whole, part of society, and interaction system

38
Q

6 broad interview categories of friedman assessment

A

-identifying data
-developmental stage & history of family
-environmental data
-family structure
-family function
-family coping

39
Q

McGill model of nursing

A

-nurses role is to engage family members in a learning process to recognize and use their strengths to achieve their health goals
-families are active participants in their care
-explores strengths(internal) and resources(external)

40
Q

McGill model exploring strengths

A

-identify family strengths
-help families develop strengths to facilitate copind, problem solving or goal attainment
-offer commendations

41
Q

McGill model exploring resources

A

-identify resources(the nurse)
-mobilize resources
-regulating resources

42
Q

family assessment tools : genogram

A

a diagram that depicts composition of family over time
-provide info about family relationships using gender, age, relationships & marital status, health status, where they live, and mortality

43
Q

family assessment tool
: ecomap

A

-a diagram that represents the family’s contact with other individuals, organizations, and resources in the community
-includes nature & intensity of contact
-depicts current functioning of family within environmental context
-focus on present

44
Q

recent trends

A

-families are getting smaller
-multiple-earner families are noew the norm
-women still do most of the juggling involved in balancing work and home
-the future will have more aging families
-family violence is under-reported

community health (18 decks)

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