class 6

Question 1

primary care

Answer 1

-all about treatment
-entry point is emerge
-focuses mainly on health
-may not be universally accessible
-needs determined by HCP
-collaboration is intersectoral
-micro-focus

Question 2

WHO definition of primary health care

Answer 2

essential health care based on:
-practical, scientifically sound and socially acceptable methods and technology
-made universally accessible
-through their full participation and at a cost that the community and country can afford

Question 3

CNA definition of primary health care

Answer 3

-a philosphy and approach that is integral to improving the health of all people living in Canada and the effectiveness of health service delivery in all care settings
-PHC focuses on the way services are delivered and puts the people who receive those services at the centre of care

Question 4

why primary health care?

Answer 4

-many individuals in the world are lacking basic necessities for health
-70% of canada is overweight, 76% dont get enough fruits and veggies
-current health care system not sustainable
-health of the population is not improving
-population size/structure changing (more old people)
-issues with access to quality health care services

Question 5

prevailing approach (old)

Answer 5

-if you have it, use it
-all information useful
-when in doubt do
-sensitivity only focus
-scarcity is the problem
-how much is spent

Question 6

emerging approach

Answer 6

-use it prudently
-some info unnecessary
-when in doubt, think
-specificity matters too
-superabundance is a risk
-value for money spent

Question 7

primary health care: focuses on the way services are delivered

Answer 7

-team approach(right services, time,place, provider)
-comprehensive,coordinated and continuous
-accessible to all
-macro focus

Question 8

primary health care: improves the health of the entire community

Answer 8

-recognized the determinants of health
-it focuses on action
-utilizes diverse methods and approaches
-intersectoral collaboration - connects health, social and economic organizations
-promotes equity

Question 9

primary health care: community involved in determining health priorities and actions

Answer 9

-professionals are partners
-community members are equal partners

Question 10

” healthy people, healthy families, healthy communities” NL primary care framework

Answer 10

4 primary health goals
-having everyone attached to a healthcare team

Question 11

strategies for the health accord

Answer 11

digital technology(respond to rapid changes)
SDOH(core)
community care(health needs)
hospital services (health needs)
aging population
quality health care(best practice)

Question 12

pre 1974 - history of primary health care

Answer 12

increasing awareness of health influences

Question 13

1974 - history of primary health care

Answer 13

a new perspective on health of canadians
proactive health promotion programs

Question 14

1978 - history of primary health care

Answer 14

alma ata declaration defined primary health care

Question 15

1980’s - history of primary health care

Answer 15

recognition of broader determinants of health

Question 16

1986 - history of primary health care

Answer 16

ottawa charter for health promotion; defined pre-requisites for health and health promotion strategies
achieving health for all: a framework for health promotion
called attention to 3 key health promotion challenges

Question 17

1994 - history of primary health care

Answer 17

strategies for population health: investing in the health of Canadians report
official endorsement of population health approach

Question 18

2000 - history of primary health care

Answer 18

health canada primary health care transition fund
support of primary health care renewal initiatives under five funding envelopes:
1. provincial/territorial
2. multi-jurisdictional
3. national
4. aboriginal
5. official languages minority communities

Question 19

2002 - history of primary health care

Answer 19

Romanow report: confirms commitment to primary health care

Question 20

2005 - history of primary health care

Answer 20

BBT - atlantic primary health care initiatives

Question 21

principles of primary health care

Answer 21

-health promotion
-intersectoral collaboration
-public participation
-accessibility
-appropriate technology

Question 22

5 strategies of the ottawa charter

Answer 22

-building health public policy
-creating environments which support healthy living
-strengthening community action
-helping people develop their skills
-reorienting the health care system

Question 23

intersectoral collaboration

Answer 23

providers from different disciplines, sectors and departments collaborate and function interdependently to meet health needs and evaluate services from a community perspective

Question 24

public participation

Answer 24

maximize community and individual involvement in:
-helping individuals make decisions about their own health or their family’s health
-maximizing group and community involvement
-identifying the needs/strengths of their community
-considering the merits of alternative approaches to dealing with needs
-taking action and evaluating outcomes

Question 25

accessibility

Answer 25

reasonable access to:
-all essential health services regardless of ability to pay or geographic region
-right service, right time, right place, and right HCP
-determinants of health(transportation)

Question 26

appropriate technology

Answer 26

-people, procedures, equipement, drugs, resources used to provide health services are:
-effective
-acceptable
-affordable
-sustainable
-ex: 811, health-line, electronic medical records, telehealth

Question 27

health care teams

Answer 27

-provide care to common group of patients
-develop common goals for patient outcomes
-appropriate roles are assigned to each member
-have mechanisms to share information
-evaluate care and make adjustments

Question 28

benefits of a primary health care approach

Answer 28

-a team approach will improve health outcomes
-health care team will have a better understanding of health issue, what other health care providers are doing
-coordinated services intersectorally
-enable coherent policies across sectors
-improved access to services and providers when and where they are needed
-increased patient/community satisfaction
-more efficient use of resources
-keep people well; support self care
-better management of chronic disease and illness

Question 29

challenges to PHC reform

Answer 29

-geography
-poor understanding of the determinants of health
-intersectoral collaboration is very difficult
-community acceptance
-relinquishing power
-limited resources
-team work is challenging
-change takes time; sustained commitment required

Question 30

what would PHC look like

Answer 30

-multiple points of entry into health care system
-focus on prevention
-interprofessional teams
-community health outcomes
-evaluation and cost-effectiveness; evidence-based practice