class 6 Flashcards
primary care
-all about treatment
-entry point is emerge
-focuses mainly on health
-may not be universally accessible
-needs determined by HCP
-collaboration is intersectoral
-micro-focus
WHO definition of primary health care
essential health care based on:
-practical, scientifically sound and socially acceptable methods and technology
-made universally accessible
-through their full participation and at a cost that the community and country can afford
CNA definition of primary health care
-a philosphy and approach that is integral to improving the health of all people living in Canada and the effectiveness of health service delivery in all care settings
-PHC focuses on the way services are delivered and puts the people who receive those services at the centre of care
why primary health care?
-many individuals in the world are lacking basic necessities for health
-70% of canada is overweight, 76% dont get enough fruits and veggies
-current health care system not sustainable
-health of the population is not improving
-population size/structure changing (more old people)
-issues with access to quality health care services
prevailing approach (old)
-if you have it, use it
-all information useful
-when in doubt do
-sensitivity only focus
-scarcity is the problem
-how much is spent
emerging approach
-use it prudently
-some info unnecessary
-when in doubt, think
-specificity matters too
-superabundance is a risk
-value for money spent
primary health care: focuses on the way services are delivered
-team approach(right services, time,place, provider)
-comprehensive,coordinated and continuous
-accessible to all
-macro focus
primary health care: improves the health of the entire community
-recognized the determinants of health
-it focuses on action
-utilizes diverse methods and approaches
-intersectoral collaboration - connects health, social and economic organizations
-promotes equity
primary health care: community involved in determining health priorities and actions
-professionals are partners
-community members are equal partners
” healthy people, healthy families, healthy communities” NL primary care framework
4 primary health goals
-having everyone attached to a healthcare team
strategies for the health accord
digital technology(respond to rapid changes)
SDOH(core)
community care(health needs)
hospital services (health needs)
aging population
quality health care(best practice)
pre 1974 - history of primary health care
increasing awareness of health influences
1974 - history of primary health care
a new perspective on health of canadians
proactive health promotion programs
1978 - history of primary health care
alma ata declaration defined primary health care
1980’s - history of primary health care
recognition of broader determinants of health
1986 - history of primary health care
ottawa charter for health promotion; defined pre-requisites for health and health promotion strategies
achieving health for all: a framework for health promotion
called attention to 3 key health promotion challenges
1994 - history of primary health care
strategies for population health: investing in the health of Canadians report
official endorsement of population health approach
2000 - history of primary health care
health canada primary health care transition fund
support of primary health care renewal initiatives under five funding envelopes:
1. provincial/territorial
2. multi-jurisdictional
3. national
4. aboriginal
5. official languages minority communities
2002 - history of primary health care
Romanow report: confirms commitment to primary health care
2005 - history of primary health care
BBT - atlantic primary health care initiatives
principles of primary health care
-health promotion
-intersectoral collaboration
-public participation
-accessibility
-appropriate technology
5 strategies of the ottawa charter
-building health public policy
-creating environments which support healthy living
-strengthening community action
-helping people develop their skills
-reorienting the health care system
intersectoral collaboration
providers from different disciplines, sectors and departments collaborate and function interdependently to meet health needs and evaluate services from a community perspective
public participation
maximize community and individual involvement in:
-helping individuals make decisions about their own health or their family’s health
-maximizing group and community involvement
-identifying the needs/strengths of their community
-considering the merits of alternative approaches to dealing with needs
-taking action and evaluating outcomes
accessibility
reasonable access to:
-all essential health services regardless of ability to pay or geographic region
-right service, right time, right place, and right HCP
-determinants of health(transportation)
appropriate technology
-people, procedures, equipement, drugs, resources used to provide health services are:
-effective
-acceptable
-affordable
-sustainable
-ex: 811, health-line, electronic medical records, telehealth
health care teams
-provide care to common group of patients
-develop common goals for patient outcomes
-appropriate roles are assigned to each member
-have mechanisms to share information
-evaluate care and make adjustments
benefits of a primary health care approach
-a team approach will improve health outcomes
-health care team will have a better understanding of health issue, what other health care providers are doing
-coordinated services intersectorally
-enable coherent policies across sectors
-improved access to services and providers when and where they are needed
-increased patient/community satisfaction
-more efficient use of resources
-keep people well; support self care
-better management of chronic disease and illness
challenges to PHC reform
-geography
-poor understanding of the determinants of health
-intersectoral collaboration is very difficult
-community acceptance
-relinquishing power
-limited resources
-team work is challenging
-change takes time; sustained commitment required
what would PHC look like
-multiple points of entry into health care system
-focus on prevention
-interprofessional teams
-community health outcomes
-evaluation and cost-effectiveness; evidence-based practice
