Class 6

Question 1

The Erector Spinae are ________ muscles of the back, and runs from the ______ to the _____ along the Spinous processes and ______

Answer 1

superficial, sacrum, occiput, ribs.

Question 2

The erector spinae _____, ______ and _______ flex the _______ column.

Answer 2

extend, rotate, laterally. vertebral.

Question 3

“I Love Spaghetti” is an mneumonic referring to the three categories of the ______ ____ group. They are “I for _________, which runs most _____ along the _____. “Love” for ________ which is a thick _______ _____. And “Spaghetti” for ________, which is within the _____ _______.

Answer 3

erector spinae. iliocostalis, lateral, ribs. longissimus, muscle mound. spinailis, laminar groove.

Question 4

The _______ ____ aids in respiration and is involved in ispilateral _____ of _____ vertebral column.

Answer 4

quadratus lumborum, flexion, lumbar.

Question 5

The multifidus stabilizes ______ ________ and maintains _________.

Answer 5

adjacent vertebrae, posture.

Question 6

The quadratus lumborum originates at the ________ _____ _____ and inserts at the ____ ___ and the _____ ____process of ____-__. It _____ tilts the ______ and is involved in _____ ____ of the spine.

Answer 6

posterior iliac crest. last rib, TP’s, L-4. Laterally, pelvis, lateral flexion.

Question 7

The Multifidi originates at the ____ and the ____ ____ through the ________. It inserts at the spinous process of the _____ through ____ spanning __-__ vertebra. It acts in the _______ of the spine.

Answer 7

sacrum, transverse process, lumbar, cervicals. lumbars, cervicals. Lumbars, C2, 2-4. rotation.

Question 8

The ___________ group, which are deep back muscles, are responsible for spinal stabilization and can be ________ with the ______ groove. Balancing on _____ ball or an _____ surface recruits these deep muscle and keep the ______ strong and ______ healthy.

Answer 8

Transversospinalis, palpated, laminar. physioball, unlevel, spine, biophysically.

Question 9

Facet dysfunction is always associated with _________ _________ muscles. These ______ muscles can help identify the source of _____ and _____ in the spine.

Answer 9

hypertonic transversospinalis. hypertonic, pain, dysfunction.

Question 10

The posterior group of muscles of the pectoral girdle are the ______, ________ ___ and the ______ (____ and _____)

Answer 10

trapezius, levator scapula, rhomboids (major and minor).

Question 11

The Trapezius originates at the _____ and the spinous process ___–_____(__________ ______.) The Trapezius inserts at the ______ of the ______ and the _______. It acts in scapular ________/_______ and cervical _______/_____/_____.

Answer 11

Occiput, C1-T12 (Ligamentum Nuchae), spine of the scapula, acromion. scapular retraction/elevation, extension/rotation/lateral flexion.

Question 12

The _______ ____ originates at C1-4 and inserts into the ______ ______ border of the scapula. It acts in scapular ______, lateral _______ of the _____ and rotates the _____ to the same ______.

Answer 12

levator scapula, superior medial border. elevation, flexion of the cervicals, neck, side.

Question 13

the ______ (major and minor) originate at C7-T5 and insert at the ______ border of the _______. They act in ______ or _____ of the scapula.

Answer 13

rhomboids, medial, scapula.adduction, retraction.

Question 14

There are ______ muscles that cross the ________ joint and insert on the _________. Two are _____ muscles because they originate on the ______ skeleton.

Answer 14

9, shoulder joint, humerus, axial, axial.

Question 15

The two axial muscles that originate on the axial skeleton are the ______ ___ and the _____ _____. The ____ ____ flexes, ______ and medially _______ the _______. The _______ _____ adducts, and medially _______ the _______.

Answer 15

pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi. pectoralis major, adducts, rotates humerus. latissiumus dorsi, rotates humerus.

Question 16

The pectoralis major originates at the medial _______, ______ and intercostal _____ (1-6 ___). The pectoralis major inserts at the ______ _____ of the _______ and acts in _____, ______ and medial ______ of the _______.

Answer 16

clavicle, sternum, cartilage (ribs). crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus, adduction, flexion, rotation, humerus.

Question 17

The ______ ____ originates at the SP’s T-6-12 and ribs _____-___, TL ______, and the _____ ____. The ____ _____ inserts at the crest of the _______ tubercle of the _______ and acts in ______ and _____ of the humerus. It works with the ______ _____.

Answer 17

latissimus dorsi, 8-12, aponeurosis, iliac crest. crest of the lesser, extension, adduction, humerus. Teres major.

Question 18

The rectus abdominis flexes the ______ region of the vertebral column, produces foward _____ at the ______, extends from the _____ to the ______. The _____ ___ encloses the muscle. Three ________ _______ intersections divide the ______ _____ into segments called _____.

Answer 18

lumbar, bending, waist, sternum, pubis. rectus sheath. transverse, tendinous, rectus abdominous, six pack.

Question 19

The Rectus Abdominous originates at the ______ crest/ ______ ________ and inserts at the _____ of ribs _____-___ and the ______ process. It acts in _____ the spine.

Answer 19

pubic, pubic symphysis, cartilage 5-7, xyphoid process. Flexing.

Question 20

The _____ ____ _____ is the most superficial of all lateral _______ muscles. It supports the abdonimal ______ against the pull of _______ , stabilizes the ______ column during heavy lifting, maintains _______ , compresses abdominal ______, aids in forced __________ and acts in _______ at the waist.

Answer 20

external abdominal oblique, abdominal. viscera, gravity, vertebral, posture, organs, respiration, rotation.

Question 21

The External Oblique originates at the lower ___ ______ and inserts at the the _____ ____ ____ and the _____ ____. It acts in lateral _____ of the _____ to the ___ ____ and ______ of the ______ to the ______ side.

Answer 21

8 ribs, anterior iliac spine, linea alba. flexion, spine, same side, rotation, spine, opposite.

Question 22

Many people have well developed _____ _____ ___muscles and weak ______ ____ ____. These _____ ______ contribute to inguinal and direct hernias.

Answer 22

rectus abdominis muscles, transverse abdominis. weak abdominals.

Question 23

All four sides of the _____ must be strong for a strong ______, in addition to strong ________. This means that the _____, _____(_______), and the ______ _____must be strong.

Answer 23

trunk, core, gluteals. abdominals, obliques (bilaterally), erector spinae

Question 24

The muscles for respiration are called the ___________.

Answer 24

intercostals.

Question 25

The external intercostals ______ the _____, expand the _______ _______ and create partial _________ causing the ______ of _____.

Answer 25

elevate, ribs, thoracic cavity, vacuum, inflow, air.

Question 26

The internal intercostals _______ and ______ the ribs, ________ the thoracic cavity and _______ _____.

Answer 26

depress, retract, compress, expel air.

Question 27

The innermost intercostals have the same action as the _____ intercostals.

Answer 27

internal.

Question 28

The _______ is shaped like a parachute

Answer 28

diaphragm.