~Class 22 - Infant Language Development Flashcards
Acoustically, the differences between speech sounds are ___.
continuous(e.g., differences in voice onset time; frequency…)
We perceive speech sound differences ___.
categorically (and those categories are language-specific)
True or False: Infants perceive speech categorically
True
Infants start out as ___ who perceive sound distinctions across ___ languages.
“universal listeners” // all
At 6-12 months babies are increasingly attuned to ___ distinctions, and there is ___ perception of distinctions not used in baby’s language.
native-language // decreased
We ___ sound perception and we don’t lose ___.
reorganize // auditory sensitivity
Birth-2 months is the ___ stage, where there is ___, ___ sounds. ___ control over articulators
Reflexive vocalizations // involuntary // automatic // Limited
2-4 months is the ___ stage
Babies make ___ sounds; consonants are produced toward the ___ of the mouth.
Cooing and laughter // vowel-like // back
4-6 months is the ___ stage. This tests the range of vocal abilities. Early babbles ___ across languages/children.
Vocal play // similar
6+ months is the ___ stage. ___ syllable strings. Sound repertoire expands. Vocal ___ (early pragmatic skill).
Canonical babbling // Consonant–vowel // turn-taking
10+ months is the ___ stage. “Conversational babble” with ___ and ___.
jargon // stress // intonation
What is Receptive Vocabulary?
What words do they understand?
First words emerge as early as ___ months (to a limited extent), and at ___ months in earnest.
5 // 8-9
What is Expressive Vocabulary?
What words do they say?
First words typically happen around ___ months, but it varies across kids.
12
