CLA P2 Flashcards
What are the stages of writing development?
Emergent – scribbles
Pre-phonemic – letters with no sound match
Phonemic – letters match sounds (e.g. “luv” for “love”)
Transitional – more accurate spelling/structure
Conventional – near adult-level writing
Effect: shows increasing accuracy
Evaluation: ✅ clear stages ❌ ignores outside influence
(Exam tip: Link to Piaget’s stages + phonics awareness)
What is Rothery’s framework for children’s writing?
Observation/Comment – describing
Recount – events in order
Report – factual writing
Narrative – story structure
Effect: explains purpose-based writing
Evaluation: ✅ useful for school writing ❌ limited to classroom
(Exam tip: Link to genre-based teaching + Halliday’s functions)
What are Barclay’s stages of writing?
Scribbling
→ Mock handwriting
→ Mock letters
→ Conventional letters → Invented spelling
→ Standard spelling
→ Correct spelling
Effect: tracks rule development
Evaluation: ✅ simple framework ❌ ignores creativity/social factors
(Exam tip: Compare with Gentry’s spelling stages if needed)
What helps reading development?
Phonics, shared reading with adults, picture clues, repetition, rhyme
Effect: supports decoding and comprehension
Evaluation: ✅ builds strong foundation ❌ depends on support
(Exam tip: Link to Bruner/Vygotsky for interaction-based reading)
What is the difference between phonics and whole word approaches?
Phonics = sounding out words
Whole word = recognising words by sight
Effect:
Phonics builds decoding
Whole word builds fluency
Evaluation:
✅ phonics for spelling, ❌ hard with irregular words
✅ whole word for fluency, ❌ weak with new words
(Exam tip: Combine approaches = best outcomes)
What is the importance of reading in language development?
Improves vocab, grammar, sentence structure, imagination
Effect: boosts wider language skills
Evaluation: ✅ supports development ❌ needs adult guidance
(Exam tip: Use to support language acquisition + CLA debate answers)
(Exam tip: Use to support language acquisition + CLA debate answers)
