Terminology Flashcards
what is morphology?
how they are combined in forming words e.g. prefix and suffix
what is mode?
it is a form of communication
what is sociolinguistics?
the study of the relationship between society and language
what is linguistics?
the scientific study of language
what is a speech community?
group of people who share a set of linguistic norms and expectations
what is an idolect?
the speech habits that are peculiar to a particular person
what is a sociolect?
variety of language used that is used by a particular social group
what is a dialect?
form of language that is spoken in a particular part of a country or a region
register:
the type of language used for a specific context
simple register:
high frequency lexis: everyday common words
monosyllabic lexis
complex register:
low frequency lexis: unusual and different words
polysyllabic lexis
syntax:
word order/ how words and phrases are arranged to create effect and meaning
static verbs:
do not take continuous tense
e.g -ing
adjacent pairs:
two utterances by two speakers in a conversation
e.g “i like your jacket”. “oh thanks”
prosody:
rhythm, speed, volume in speech
code switching:
changing between two different languages
collocation:
words that pair together/ makes sense
e.g fish and.. chips
breaking collocation:
e.g discover your teacher in room a58
instead of find____________
what is a universalist?
how separate languages represent the world fundamentally similar: brain makes lang
what is a relativist?
the users of one language will experience and perceive the world in a peculiar way : lang makes brains
what is a phoneme?
smallest unit of speech, recognising one word from another
what is received pronunciation?
the standard accent of English as spoken in the South East of England.
term was populated by Daniel James in (1917) 2nd edition of the english pronouncing in (1926)
signified and signifier
signified: the idea or meaning being expressed by that signifier
signifier: thing, item or code that we ‘read’
connotation:
- or + feelings description (not literal) e.g blue = sad
denotation:
the colour blue = literal meaning
what is intertexuality?
when a writer uses the reader’s knowledge of different kinds of texts to create an effect
essay structure:
GAP: genre, audience and purpose
what is uniplex?
one social connection/ one basis of that relationship
what is multiplex?
multiple social connections/ several reasons for that relationship
what is linguistic convergence?
changing one’s language in order to fit in
what is linguistic divergence?
changing one’s language in order to stand out
register: starting point
- figurative or poetic lang
- expensive lang
- transactional/ denotative/ literal
vernacular:
- the accent or dialect spoken by a country
what is phatic speech?
- ice breakers with new workers or friends
marking:
- identifying something as different from the norm
corpus studies:
- study of language in use across a HUGE database (corpus) of real world texts
concordance line:
- a line of a text taken from a corpus
lexical priming:
- new theory of language based on words are used in the real world
linguistic reflectionism:
- also known as the functional theory
- suggests that language simply reflects the needs, views and opinions of it’s viewers
