Terminology

Question 1

what is morphology?

Answer 1

how they are combined in forming words e.g. prefix and suffix

Question 2

what is mode?

Answer 2

it is a form of communication

Question 3

what is sociolinguistics?

Answer 3

the study of the relationship between society and language

Question 4

what is linguistics?

Answer 4

the scientific study of language

Question 5

what is a speech community?

Answer 5

group of people who share a set of linguistic norms and expectations

Question 6

what is an idolect?

Answer 6

the speech habits that are peculiar to a particular person

Question 7

what is a sociolect?

Answer 7

variety of language used that is used by a particular social group

Question 8

what is a dialect?

Answer 8

form of language that is spoken in a particular part of a country or a region

Question 9

register:

Answer 9

the type of language used for a specific context

Question 10

simple register:

Answer 10

high frequency lexis: everyday common words
monosyllabic lexis

Question 11

complex register:

Answer 11

low frequency lexis: unusual and different words
polysyllabic lexis

Question 12

syntax:

Answer 12

word order/ how words and phrases are arranged to create effect and meaning

Question 13

static verbs:

Answer 13

do not take continuous tense
e.g -ing

Question 14

adjacent pairs:

Answer 14

two utterances by two speakers in a conversation
e.g “i like your jacket”. “oh thanks”

Question 15

prosody:

Answer 15

rhythm, speed, volume in speech

Question 16

code switching:

Answer 16

changing between two different languages

Question 17

collocation:

Answer 17

words that pair together/ makes sense
e.g fish and.. chips

Question 18

breaking collocation:

Answer 18

e.g discover your teacher in room a58
instead of find____________

Question 19

what is a universalist?

Answer 19

how separate languages represent the world fundamentally similar: brain makes lang

Question 20

what is a relativist?

Answer 20

the users of one language will experience and perceive the world in a peculiar way : lang makes brains

Question 21

what is a phoneme?

Answer 21

smallest unit of speech, recognising one word from another

Question 22

what is received pronunciation?

Answer 22

the standard accent of English as spoken in the South East of England.

term was populated by Daniel James in (1917) 2nd edition of the english pronouncing in (1926)

Question 23

signified and signifier

Answer 23

signified: the idea or meaning being expressed by that signifier

signifier: thing, item or code that we ‘read’

Question 24

connotation:

Answer 24

• or + feelings description (not literal) e.g blue = sad

Question 25

denotation:

Answer 25

the colour blue = literal meaning

Question 26

what is intertexuality?

Answer 26

when a writer uses the reader’s knowledge of different kinds of texts to create an effect

Question 27

essay structure:

Answer 27

GAP: genre, audience and purpose

Question 28

what is uniplex?

Answer 28

one social connection/ one basis of that relationship

Question 29

what is multiplex?

Answer 29

multiple social connections/ several reasons for that relationship

Question 30

what is linguistic convergence?

Answer 30

changing one’s language in order to fit in

Question 31

what is linguistic divergence?

Answer 31

changing one’s language in order to stand out

Question 32

register: starting point

Answer 32

1. figurative or poetic lang
2. expensive lang
3. transactional/ denotative/ literal

Question 33

vernacular:

Answer 33

• the accent or dialect spoken by a country

Question 34

what is phatic speech?

Answer 34

• ice breakers with new workers or friends

Question 35

marking:

Answer 35

• identifying something as different from the norm

Question 36

corpus studies:

Answer 36

• study of language in use across a HUGE database (corpus) of real world texts

Question 37

concordance line:

Answer 37

• a line of a text taken from a corpus

Question 38

lexical priming:

Answer 38

• new theory of language based on words are used in the real world

Question 39

linguistic reflectionism:

Answer 39

• also known as the functional theory
• suggests that language simply reflects the needs, views and opinions of it’s viewers