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History 10 > civil rights & vietnam war > Flashcards

civil rights & vietnam war Flashcards

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1
Q

Who was the leader of the Vietnamese rebels?

A

Ho Chi Minh

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2
Q

What happened at the International Conference at Geneva in 1954?

A
  • Vietnam divided at 17th parallel
  • Ho Chi Minh’s nationalist forces controlled the North
  • Ngo Dinh Diem controlled the South
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3
Q

Why did President Kennedy send more support to South Vietnam?

A
  • to fight against communism
  • made him unpopular
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4
Q

What was the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution?

A
  • gives President power to wage battle without declaring war
  • Johnson claimed that US Navy boats were torpedoed off of coast of North Vietnam, even though they shot first and missed
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5
Q

What was Operation Rolling Thunder?

A
  • bombing Hanoi nonstop for 3 years
  • targets Ho Chi Minh Trail
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6
Q

What did Operation Rolling Thunder cause?

A
  • supply route through Laos and Cambodia
  • supplies and soldiers
  • protests criticize escalation of war
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7
Q

What was the Tet Offensive?

A
  • turning point of war
  • massive Viet Long attack across South Vietnam
  • brutality against civilians who supported US
  • distrust in military
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8
Q

What happened as a result of the Tet Offensive?

A
  • My Lai Massacre
  • American soldiers destroy village and kill 500 civilians
  • rape and kill women
  • kill women, children, elders
  • popularity of Johnson plummets
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9
Q

When is Robert Kennedy assassinated?

A

June 1968

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10
Q

Who won the election of 1968?

A

Richard Nixon

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11
Q

What is Vietnamization?

A
  • withdraws US forces and replaces them with South Vietnamese
  • expanded war into Cambodia and Laos
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12
Q

What happened at Kent State University in Ohio?

A
  • 4 students killed and 9 wounded from National Guardsmen
  • students had been protesting expansion of war
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13
Q

Who wins the Vietnam War?

A

North Vietnam defeats South Vietnam

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14
Q

What were the reasons of why the US did not win the war?

A
  • unpopularity at home
  • low morale and drug abuse by US troops
  • Viet Cong and North Vietnamese Army used guerrilla warfare
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15
Q

How did unpopularity at home cause the US to not win the war?

A
  • people protested the war and dodged draft
  • first “televised war”
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16
Q

How did low morale cause the US to not win the war?

A
  • disproportionate representation of poor people and minorities
  • too long and no clear purpose
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17
Q

How did guerrilla warfare cause the US to not win the war?

A
  • farmers by day, guerrillas at nights
  • North Vietnamese were very patient people who were willing to accept many casualties
  • US grossly underestimated their resourcefulness
18
Q

What was the Vietnam War to America?

A

longest and least successful American War

19
Q

How many Vietnamese died?

A

3,000,000

20
Q

How many Americans were killed and wounded?

A
  • 58,000 killed
  • 300,000 wounded
21
Q

How much did the US spend on the war?

A

$150,000,000,000

22
Q

What were Nixon’s intentions as president?

A
  • end war, confront anti-war movement, fix economy
  • reduce power of federal government and emphasis on state government
23
Q

What did Nixon do because of his suspicion?

A
  • ordered wire tapes of members of press
  • secretly taped conversations in Oval Office
24
Q

What happened during Nixon’s re-election campaign?

A
  • 5 men caught breaking into Democratic campaign headquarters at Watergate Hotel in DC
  • men were members of Nixon’s re-election campaign
  • prosecutors ordered White House to turn over Oval Office tapes
  • Nixon refuses
  • gives court tapes with conversation cut out
25
Q

What does Nixon do after discussion of impeachment?

A
  • fearful of impeachment and removal from office
  • resigns in 1974
  • Gerald Ford assumes the office
26
Q

When did the Jim Crow Era begin?

A

after reconstruction

27
Q

What did Plessy vs Ferguson create?

A

“separate but equal”

28
Q

What was Brown v Board of Education?

A
  • NAACP Thurgood Marshall leads defense
  • overturns Plessy v Ferguson
  • ends segregated schools
  • ordered to desegregate with “all deliberate speed”
  • many ignore ruliing
29
Q

What was the reaction to Brown v Board of Education?

A
  • resistance across South
  • “white flight” from public schools to private
  • National Guard called to Little Rock High
  • “Little Rock Nine”
30
Q

Who was Martin Luther King, Jr.?

A
  • baptist minister from Atlanta
  • coordinated nonviolent resistance
  • led Montgomery Bus Boycott
  • youngest Nobel Peace Prize winner
31
Q

Who was Rosa Parks?

A
  • began Montgomery Bus Boycott
  • member of NAACP
  • called “first lady of Civil Rights Movement”
32
Q

Who was Malcom X?

A
  • fierce advocate for African Americans
  • member of Nation of Islam but later left
  • disagreed with MLK’s non-violent strategy for equality
33
Q

Who was Robert F. Kennedy?

A
  • US attorney General
  • helps protect freedom riders
  • supports desegregation as New York Senator
  • assassinated in 1968 as he began campaign for presidency
34
Q

What was Boynton vs Virginia?

A

expanded ban on bus segregation to include bus stations and restaurants that served interstate travelers

35
Q

What were the Freedom Rides?

A
  • organized to test southern compliance with ruling of desegregation
  • riders expected resistance, Alabama war more than expected
36
Q

What was the Birmingham Children’s March?

A
  • one thousand students skipped classes and gathered at 16th Street Baptist Church to march downtown
  • hundreds were arrested and carried off to jail in wagons and school buses
  • Americans horrified by the violence against children
  • water hoses and being beaten
37
Q

What was the March on Washington?

A
  • MLK’s I have a dream speech
  • builds support for civil rights legislation
  • shows power of non-violent protest
38
Q

What were the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

A
  • introduced by JFK
  • prohibits discrimination based on race, religion, ethnicity, or gender
  • Johnson gets it passed
39
Q

What was the Voting Rights Act of 1965?

A
  • outlawed literacy tests for voting
  • increase African American voters
40
Q

What happened as a result of MLK’s assassination in 1968?

A

riots erupted in over 100 cities

History 10 (9 decks)

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