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History 10 > america & world war II > Flashcards

america & world war II Flashcards

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1
Q

How did the United States mobilize the economy to fight in World War II?

A
  • faster production
  • producing goods quickly
  • National Defense Advisory Committee for business leaders to help with this
  • cost-plus system made companies produce more at a quicker rate
  • war materials were distributed rapidly
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2
Q

When was the Selective Service and what was it?

A

1940; draft

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3
Q

How many Americans served in WWII in 4 years?

A

16 million

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4
Q

How did the military adapt to the thousands who joined the military?

A

new military bases were built

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5
Q

How were African Americans put in the army?

A
  • recruited for combat
  • served in segregated units
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6
Q

What was “Double V”?

A
  • victory vs Axis abroad and victory over racism at home
  • “a Jim Crow Army cannot fight for a free world”
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7
Q

What were the Tuskegee Airmen?

A

first African American Air Force unit

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8
Q

What played an important role in helping the United States win the war?

A

industry

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9
Q

How did business leaders helped Roosevelt build a strong nation for war?

A
  • Ford: converted from making vehicles to bombers
  • Kaiser: Liberty ships
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10
Q

What was “The Dollar-a-Year Men”?

A

CEO of General Motors left job to earn $1 salary advising FDR

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11
Q

What brought the United States out of the Great Depression?

A
  • increase in jobs on the home front
  • brought nation into a time of rapid growth
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12
Q

How did the rapid growth also require great sacrifices for families and workers in the United States?

A

many women entered workforce building supplies and doing factory work that was once meant for men

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13
Q

Who was “Rosie the Riveter”?

A

iconic female factory worker who supported women joining the workforce and the war effort

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14
Q

What was Executive Order 8802?

A
  • it outlawed discrimination in employee hiring
  • only applied to defense jobs
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15
Q

What resulted in rapid increase in economic activity to avoid inflation?

A

wages and prices had to stabilize

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16
Q

What was put in place to prevent labor strikes?

A

government offices

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17
Q

What was done to make sure there was enough food for the military?

A
  • supplies and foods were rationed
  • victory gardens increased food supplies
  • war bonds raised money
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18
Q

What was purpose of the office of War Information?

A

it helped inform the public about the war through media outlets such as movies

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19
Q

When and what was Executive Order 9066?

A
  • 1942
  • War Relocation Authority removed all people of Japanese ancestry, both citizen and non citizen, from the West Coasts
  • over look interned (confined) in camps in remote areas far from the coast
  • lost homes, possessions, and businesses
20
Q

What was the result of Korematsu vs the United States?

A

Supreme Court upheld their constitutionality

21
Q

Did Japanese Americans get an apology about the internment camps?

A
  • 1988
  • Congress awarded $20,000 to each surviving Japanese American internee, and issued an official apology
22
Q

How did women join the military?

A

women were able to join military forces for the first time, in limited support roles

23
Q

How did Native Americans serve in the war?

A

they served as “code talkers”

24
Q

What happened during the first 6 months after Pearl Harbor?

A
  • Japan conquers empire
  • push aside US, Great Britain, and the Dutch navy and take colonies
  • invaded the Philippines the day after Pearl Harbor
25
Q

Who led troops in the Philippines to Bataan Peninsula before surrendering?

A

Douglas MacArthur

26
Q

What was the Bataan Death March?

A
  • 76,000 Filipinos and Americans held as POWs (prisoners of war)
  • forced to march 60+ miles in tropical heat (already weakened)
  • 10,000 died
  • survivors of march sent to camps
  • 15,000 more died in camps
  • violation of Geneva Convention / treatment of POWs
27
Q

Did the Japanese reach their goal with the attack on Pearl Harbor?

A

No, did not eliminate Pacific Fleet like they hoped

28
Q

How come the Japanese did not eliminate the Pacific Fleet like they had hoped?

A

2 carriers were at sea and 1 was getting repaired in California

29
Q

What was Doolittle’s Raid?

A
  • Lt. Col James Doolittle leads raid on Tokyo from carriers
  • little damage but boosted morale
30
Q

When was Doolittle’s Raid?

A

April 1942

31
Q

How were the allies able to win the Battle of Midway?

A

allies break Japanese code and stop Japan again

32
Q

What did Japan lose from the Battle of Midway?

A
  • lost 250 planes and most of their skilled pilots
  • unable to launch any more offensive operations in the Pacific
33
Q

What was “island hopping”?

A
  • select important islands to attack
  • break Japanese supply line
  • advance island by island to Japan
34
Q

Why did the United States look to capture Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands?

A

Japan was building airfield there

35
Q

When was the Battle of Guadalcanal?

A

August 1942

36
Q

How many marines landed on the islands of Guadalcanal?

A

11,000 marines

37
Q

What happened when the U.S. marines landed on Guadalcanal?

A

Japanese fled into the jungle

38
Q

What did the Battle of Guadalcanal provide for the marines?

A

their first taste of jungle warfare

39
Q

How long did the fighting at Guadalcanal last and who was defeated?

A

Japanese defeated after 5 months of brutal fighting

40
Q

When did US troops invade the Philippine island of Leyte?

A

October, 1944

41
Q

Who led the troops who invaded Leyte?

A

Douglas MacArthur
- “I have returned”

42
Q

How many warships were in the Battle of Leyte Gulf?

A

280+ warships in three-day Battle of Leyte Gulf

43
Q

When was the first time the Japanese used Kamikazes?

A

during the Battle of Leyte Gulf

44
Q

What were Kamikazes?

A

loaded aircraft with bombs and then deliberately crashed them into enemy ships

45
Q

What was the Battle of Leyte Gulf?

A
  • took 2 months to liberate Leyte
  • continued to fight for control of the rest of the Philippines until the end of the war
46
Q

What was the significance of the Battle of the Coral Sea?

A

prevented the supply lines to Australia open and it was the first time that Japan had failed an operational mission

47
Q

Why was the Battle of Midway a turning point in the war in the Pacific?

A
  • Japanese had lost four large carriers, which were the center of its fleet
  • Americans had stopped the Japanese advance only six months after Pearl Harbor

History 10 (9 decks)

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