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Pre-AP American History > Civil Rights > Flashcards

Civil Rights Flashcards

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1
Q

Reconstruction act of 1867

A

Divided south into 5 military districts
Each state is required to draw up a constitution guaranteeing black suffrage
Confederates forbidden from attending
To be readmitted, southern states must ratify the 14th amendment

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2
Q

Results of Reconstruction

A

Republican radicals saw the south as conquered territory
Congress had statehood powers, not the president
Black codes passed in the south restricted civil liberties of southerners
Power grab-bring blacks as another voting group

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3
Q

GAR

A

Made up the core of the Republicans
Grand army of the Republic
Voting group for the Republicans
Old retired military workers

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4
Q

Black codes

A

Law that restricts the civil liberties of blacks (Where they live, public transportation)

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5
Q

Freedmen’s Bureau

A

Helped former slaves find jobs
Provided food, clothing, shelter, education
Protected civil rights
Headed by General Oliver Howard

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6
Q

13th amendment

A

Abolished slavery in the US

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7
Q

14th amendment

A

Most important of the Civil Rights movement
Disenfranchised confederate leaders
Guaranteed equality
Black citizenship

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8
Q

15th amendment

A

Black suffrage

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9
Q

Radical Reconstruction

A

For 10 years, blacks enjoyed a military enforced freedom
13th, 14th, and 15th amendments were enforced by the army
Former confederacy was occupied territory

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10
Q

Ways blacks were disenfranchised 1877-1970

A

South Carolina White primary (only whites could vote)
Mississippi Grandfather clause (If grandfather didn’t vote, you can’t)
Literacy test (designed to make blacks fail)
Poll taxes (Blacks were too poor to pay tax to vote)

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11
Q

4 Directions of the Civil Rights movement

A

Civil Disobedience-Nonviolent protest
Litigation-Using courts to push for change
Violent confrontation
Black separatism-Black Muslim Movement

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12
Q

Plessy v Ferguson

A

John Harlan’s dissenting opinion: “The constitution is colorblind”
Segregation does not violate the 14th amendment as long as “separate but equal” facilities are provided

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13
Q

Lynchings

A

To be put to death by hanging by mob action without due process of the law
1000 occurred in 1 year

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14
Q

NAACP

A

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

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15
Q

Booker T Washington

A

First Real Civil Rights activist

Said that blacks needed to be more active in their communities

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16
Q

WEB Dubois

A

“I should not have to prove my equality”

Helped establish NAACP

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17
Q

A Phillip Randolf

A

Civil rights leader before MLK

Told Roosevelt after WW2 that if the blacks didn’t get equality, they were marching on washington

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18
Q

Jackie Robinson

A

Broke the color line playing baseball

“We must use our economic power to demand our rights”

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19
Q

Marcus Garvey

A

Ignited black pride

Tried to encourage Freedmen to go back to Africa

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20
Q

Langston Hughes

A

Black Poet Laureate

First to write what it is like to be Black

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21
Q

Louis Armstrong

A

Brought jazz from New Orleans to the North

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22
Q

Harlem Renaissance

A

Awakening of black identity…Art,culture,music

Langston Hughes

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23
Q

Brown v Topeka

A

Eisenhower brought Earl Warren in as chief justice
Struck down segregation in school
Earl ordered south to “have schools be desegregated with all deliberate speed”
Thurgood Marshall (Lawyer) becomes first black justice
Violated the 14th amendment

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24
Q

Thurgoos Marshall

A

Lawyer during the Brown v Topeka case
First black chief justice
NAACP

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25
Q

Malcom x

A

Black separatism
Black Muslim movement
Criminal turned good

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26
Q

Martin Luther King Jr

A

NAACP activist

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27
Q

Rosa Parks

A

Young NAACP activist

Supreme court struck down bus law as unconstitutional

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28
Q

Earl Warren

A

Brought in as a chief justice by Eisenhower
Had the justices vote 9-0 during the Brown case
Ordered the south be “desegregated with all deliberate speed”

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29
Q

Birmingham, Alabama 1963

A

Most segregated city in america

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30
Q

Civil Rights Act 1964

A

Outlawed discrimination in public accommodation

31
Q

Bakke vs University of California 1978

A

Quotas are unconstitutional in schools

32
Q

Rosie the Rivoter

A

Symbol of women working in factories. Backfired. Women were viewed as tools still.

33
Q

NOW

A

National Organization of Women

Gave women legal stand on domestic violence and birth rights

34
Q

Emmett Till

A

Murdered brutally for speaking to a white girl

35
Q

Carrie Chapman Catt 20th century

A

Suffragist

first female congresswomen

36
Q

Voting rights act of 1965

A

Put federal supervisors on areas with less than 50% voter turn out

37
Q

John Lewis

A

SNCC Activist

38
Q

Black Power (Black nationalism, Black Panthers)

A

Stokely Carmichael

Soul on Ice - Eldridge Cleaver

39
Q

Birmingham 1963

A

“The most segregated city in America” - MLK

40
Q

Little Rock 1957

A

Orville Faubes
Stopped integration, used national guard to enforce
Eisenhower tells Orville to let students in school
Orville refuses so Eisenhower sends the national guard
Doesn’t really change anything in other parts of the US

41
Q

Oxford, Miss 1962

A

James Meredith was denied admission to Ol’ Miss

Fights broke out between guard and students

42
Q

Selma to Montgomery 1965

A

State troopers and angry mobs of whites beat the crap out of black people trying to cross a bridge
Blacks were going to vote registration areas

43
Q

March on Washington

A

“It’s time for the nation to live up to the promise” - JFK

Signal Event

44
Q

Civil Rights Act 1964

A

Outlaws discrimination in all public facilities and transportation
(Sweeping law)

45
Q

Civil Rights Act 1968

A

Outlawed discrimination in the sale or rental of property (a shot at de facto segregation)

46
Q

Voting Rights Act 1965

A

Goes after poll taxes

Placed federal supervisors in every voting precinct with less than 50% voter registration

47
Q

Segregation

A

Seperated

48
Q

Desgegregation

A

Unseperated

49
Q

Affirmative Action

A

Federal policy required schools to make steps to end discrimination and segregation

50
Q

Bakke vs Califnornia 1978

A

Reverse Discrimination
Quotas were unconstitutional because they discriminated against non minority applicants
Race could be used for a consideration but it could not be the only factor

51
Q

Seneca Falls Convention

A

Elizabeth cady Stanton and Lecretia Mott organize it

Drafted the Seneca Falls declaration of sentiments

52
Q

Reverse Discrimination

A

Bakke v California

Policy of favoring groups that have been previously discriminated in the past

53
Q

Discrimination

A

Telling the difference between two races

54
Q

Malice

A

Revenge

55
Q

19th century suffrage movement

A

Susan B Anthony

56
Q

Minor v Happensett

A

Supreme court ruled that voting is not necessarily a right of citizenship (14th amendment)

57
Q

Carrie Chapman Catt 20th century

A

Suffragest

58
Q

Jeanette Rankin

A

Congresswomen

59
Q

Margaret Sanger

A

Counselled women on birth control

60
Q

Alice Paul

A

Militant, confrontational protest

Locked in prison for weeks getting tortured

61
Q

19th Amendment

A

Women got the right to vote

62
Q

Georgia O’Keefe

A

Painter

63
Q

Rosie the Riveter

A

Showed that the women were back home doing men’s jobs during WW2

64
Q

“Modern Feminism” Betty Friedan

A

The Feminine Mystique
Women are inferior in our society because they are taught to be
Encouraged women to seek happiness in other things besides motherhood

65
Q

Gloria Steinem

A

MS Magazine

Notified women on issues

66
Q

NOW

A 
Reproductive freedom
Stopping violence against women
Lesbian rights
Achieving constitutional equality
Economic justice
67
Q

Emmett Till

A

Young man murdered for talking to a white girl

Came down from the north to the heavily segregated Mississippi

68
Q

Medgar Evers

A

Tried to end segregation at the university of Mississippi

69
Q

Bob Dylan

A

Folk singer who sang about civil rights events

70
Q

Gratz v Bollinger

A

Aggreed with Bakke that there shoudl be no quotas, but race can be one factor in college admissions to meet the compelling interest of diversity
Holistic view

71
Q

Sit ins

A

Sit in a restaurant filling up all seats

People who did this were Freedom Riders

72
Q

Ceaser Chavez

A

Helped organize farm workers and hunger strikes

73
Q

The blues music

A

Born out of the cotton fields

Muddy waters, lead belly, etc.

74
Q

Voting Rights Act 1970

A

Tried to get rid of unfair tests to get the right to vote

Pre-AP American History (9 decks)

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