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Pre-AP American History > Civil Rights > Flashcards

Civil Rights Flashcards

1
Q

Reconstruction act of 1867

A

Divided south into 5 military districts
Each state is required to draw up a constitution guaranteeing black suffrage
Confederates forbidden from attending
To be readmitted, southern states must ratify the 14th amendment

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2
Q

Results of Reconstruction

A

Republican radicals saw the south as conquered territory
Congress had statehood powers, not the president
Black codes passed in the south restricted civil liberties of southerners
Power grab-bring blacks as another voting group

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3
Q

GAR

A

Made up the core of the Republicans
Grand army of the Republic
Voting group for the Republicans
Old retired military workers

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4
Q

Black codes

A

Law that restricts the civil liberties of blacks (Where they live, public transportation)

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5
Q

Freedmen’s Bureau

A

Helped former slaves find jobs
Provided food, clothing, shelter, education
Protected civil rights
Headed by General Oliver Howard

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6
Q

13th amendment

A

Abolished slavery in the US

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7
Q

14th amendment

A

Most important of the Civil Rights movement
Disenfranchised confederate leaders
Guaranteed equality
Black citizenship

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8
Q

15th amendment

A

Black suffrage

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9
Q

Radical Reconstruction

A

For 10 years, blacks enjoyed a military enforced freedom
13th, 14th, and 15th amendments were enforced by the army
Former confederacy was occupied territory

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10
Q

Ways blacks were disenfranchised 1877-1970

A

South Carolina White primary (only whites could vote)
Mississippi Grandfather clause (If grandfather didn’t vote, you can’t)
Literacy test (designed to make blacks fail)
Poll taxes (Blacks were too poor to pay tax to vote)

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11
Q

4 Directions of the Civil Rights movement

A

Civil Disobedience-Nonviolent protest
Litigation-Using courts to push for change
Violent confrontation
Black separatism-Black Muslim Movement

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12
Q

Plessy v Ferguson

A

John Harlan’s dissenting opinion: “The constitution is colorblind”
Segregation does not violate the 14th amendment as long as “separate but equal” facilities are provided

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13
Q

Lynchings

A

To be put to death by hanging by mob action without due process of the law
1000 occurred in 1 year

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14
Q

NAACP

A

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

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15
Q

Booker T Washington

A

First Real Civil Rights activist

Said that blacks needed to be more active in their communities

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16
Q

WEB Dubois

A

“I should not have to prove my equality”

Helped establish NAACP

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17
Q

A Phillip Randolf

A

Civil rights leader before MLK

Told Roosevelt after WW2 that if the blacks didn’t get equality, they were marching on washington

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18
Q

Jackie Robinson

A

Broke the color line playing baseball

“We must use our economic power to demand our rights”

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19
Q

Marcus Garvey

A

Ignited black pride

Tried to encourage Freedmen to go back to Africa

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20
Q

Langston Hughes

A

Black Poet Laureate

First to write what it is like to be Black

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21
Q

Louis Armstrong

A

Brought jazz from New Orleans to the North

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22
Q

Harlem Renaissance

A

Awakening of black identity…Art,culture,music

Langston Hughes

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23
Q

Brown v Topeka

A

Eisenhower brought Earl Warren in as chief justice
Struck down segregation in school
Earl ordered south to “have schools be desegregated with all deliberate speed”
Thurgood Marshall (Lawyer) becomes first black justice
Violated the 14th amendment

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24
Q

Thurgoos Marshall

A

Lawyer during the Brown v Topeka case
First black chief justice
NAACP

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25
Malcom x
Black separatism Black Muslim movement Criminal turned good
26
Martin Luther King Jr
NAACP activist
27
Rosa Parks
Young NAACP activist | Supreme court struck down bus law as unconstitutional
28
Earl Warren
Brought in as a chief justice by Eisenhower Had the justices vote 9-0 during the Brown case Ordered the south be "desegregated with all deliberate speed"
29
Birmingham, Alabama 1963
Most segregated city in america
30
Civil Rights Act 1964
Outlawed discrimination in public accommodation
31
Bakke vs University of California 1978
Quotas are unconstitutional in schools
32
Rosie the Rivoter
Symbol of women working in factories. Backfired. Women were viewed as tools still.
33
NOW
National Organization of Women | Gave women legal stand on domestic violence and birth rights
34
Emmett Till
Murdered brutally for speaking to a white girl
35
Carrie Chapman Catt 20th century
Suffragist | first female congresswomen
36
Voting rights act of 1965
Put federal supervisors on areas with less than 50% voter turn out
37
John Lewis
SNCC Activist
38
Black Power (Black nationalism, Black Panthers)
Stokely Carmichael | Soul on Ice - Eldridge Cleaver
39
Birmingham 1963
"The most segregated city in America" - MLK
40
Little Rock 1957
Orville Faubes Stopped integration, used national guard to enforce Eisenhower tells Orville to let students in school Orville refuses so Eisenhower sends the national guard Doesn't really change anything in other parts of the US
41
Oxford, Miss 1962
James Meredith was denied admission to Ol' Miss | Fights broke out between guard and students
42
Selma to Montgomery 1965
State troopers and angry mobs of whites beat the crap out of black people trying to cross a bridge Blacks were going to vote registration areas
43
March on Washington
"It's time for the nation to live up to the promise" - JFK | Signal Event
44
Civil Rights Act 1964
Outlaws discrimination in all public facilities and transportation (Sweeping law)
45
Civil Rights Act 1968
Outlawed discrimination in the sale or rental of property (a shot at de facto segregation)
46
Voting Rights Act 1965
Goes after poll taxes | Placed federal supervisors in every voting precinct with less than 50% voter registration
47
Segregation
Seperated
48
Desgegregation
Unseperated
49
Affirmative Action
Federal policy required schools to make steps to end discrimination and segregation
50
Bakke vs Califnornia 1978
Reverse Discrimination Quotas were unconstitutional because they discriminated against non minority applicants Race could be used for a consideration but it could not be the only factor
51
Seneca Falls Convention
Elizabeth cady Stanton and Lecretia Mott organize it | Drafted the Seneca Falls declaration of sentiments
52
Reverse Discrimination
Bakke v California | Policy of favoring groups that have been previously discriminated in the past
53
Discrimination
Telling the difference between two races
54
Malice
Revenge
55
19th century suffrage movement
Susan B Anthony
56
Minor v Happensett
Supreme court ruled that voting is not necessarily a right of citizenship (14th amendment)
57
Carrie Chapman Catt 20th century
Suffragest
58
Jeanette Rankin
Congresswomen
59
Margaret Sanger
Counselled women on birth control
60
Alice Paul
Militant, confrontational protest | Locked in prison for weeks getting tortured
61
19th Amendment
Women got the right to vote
62
Georgia O'Keefe
Painter
63
Rosie the Riveter
Showed that the women were back home doing men's jobs during WW2
64
"Modern Feminism" Betty Friedan
The Feminine Mystique Women are inferior in our society because they are taught to be Encouraged women to seek happiness in other things besides motherhood
65
Gloria Steinem
MS Magazine | Notified women on issues
66
NOW
``` Reproductive freedom Stopping violence against women Lesbian rights Achieving constitutional equality Economic justice ```
67
Emmett Till
Young man murdered for talking to a white girl | Came down from the north to the heavily segregated Mississippi
68
Medgar Evers
Tried to end segregation at the university of Mississippi
69
Bob Dylan
Folk singer who sang about civil rights events
70
Gratz v Bollinger
Aggreed with Bakke that there shoudl be no quotas, but race can be one factor in college admissions to meet the compelling interest of diversity Holistic view
71
Sit ins
Sit in a restaurant filling up all seats | People who did this were Freedom Riders
72
Ceaser Chavez
Helped organize farm workers and hunger strikes
73
The blues music
Born out of the cotton fields | Muddy waters, lead belly, etc.
74
Voting Rights Act 1970
Tried to get rid of unfair tests to get the right to vote

Pre-AP American History (9 decks)

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