Citric Acid Cycle and ETC components

Question 1

Oxaloacetate (OAA)

Answer 1

4C acceptor that takes 2 carbons from acetyl-CoA to form citrate

Question 2

Citrate/ isocitrate

Answer 2

6C tricarboxylic acids that is the primary electron carrier in the CAC.

Question 3

(A)-ketoglutarate

Answer 3

5C dicarboxylic acid

Produced in step 2 via Dehydrogenase reaction of Citrate to generate 1 NADH and 1 CO2

Question 4

Succinyl-CoA

Answer 4

4C dicarboxylic acid.

Produced in step 3 via dehydrogenase reaction of (a)-ketoglutarate to generate 1 NADH and 1 CO2

Question 5

Succinate

Answer 5

4C dicarboxylic acid

produced in step 4 via synthetase reactions that generate 1 GTP

Question 6

Fumarate

Answer 6

4C dicarboxylic acid

Produced in step 5 via dehydrogenase reactions that generates FADH2

Question 7

Malate

Answer 7

4C dicarboxylic acid

Formed in step 6 via fumarase and becomes OAA from dehydrogenase activity generating NADH

Question 8

Citric acid cycle net inputs

Answer 8

Acetyl CoA + 3NAD + 1FAD + 3 H20

Question 9

Citric acid cycle net outputs

Answer 9

1 GTP + 3 NADH + 1 FADH2 + 2CO2

Question 10

ETC complex 1

Answer 10

Converts NADH - > NAD+

• donates 2 electrons from NADH to Q to form QH2
• Pumps 4 H+ from matrix to cyto side of inner membrane

Question 11

ETC complex 2

Answer 11

FADH2 - > FAD+

• donates 2 electrons from FADH2 to Q to form QH2
• produces NO H+ movement

Question 12

ETC 3

Answer 12

Accepts two QH2 (4 electrons) from Q

• contains cytochromes b and C1

Transfers 4 electrons to cytochrome c

• pumps 4 H+ from matrix to cyto inner membrane

Question 13

Cytochrome c

Answer 13

Bridges gap between complex 3 and 4

— donates 4 electrons to complex 4

Question 14

ETC complex 4

Answer 14

Transfers electrons sequentially to the oxygen binding sites producing H20

• contains cytochromes a and a3 + copper ions
• Pumps two H+ from matrix to cyto inner membrane

Question 15

How many H+ need to move to generate 1 ATP?

Answer 15

4 H+

(2. 5 ATP per NADH)
(1. 5 ATP per FADH2)

(1 ATP per GTP)

Question 16

How many ATP are produced from the oxidation of 1 acetyl - CoA to 2 CO2?

Answer 16

10 ATP

Question 17

What is a acetyl group made of

Answer 17

2 C atoms

3 H atoms

1 Oxygen atom

Question 18

How are the 9 electrons in the CTC used?

Answer 18

1 e- is used to restore the sulfur group of CoA after it Transfers its acetyl group to OAA to create citrate

8 e- are used to reduce 3 NAD+ and 1 FAD+

Question 19

Terminal electron acceptor of ETC

Answer 19

O2

Question 20

Complex 5

Answer 20

ATP synthase, separate of the ETC

Generate ATP based of electron movement in the ETC