Circulatory system (A&P) Flashcards
Hyperplasia
An increase in number
Hypertrophy
An increase in size
Metaplasia
One cell transforms into something else
Arteries of the upper extremity
Arch of aorta, brachiocehaplic trunk (R only), subclavian, axillary, brachial, radial and ulnar
The axillar artery feeds which muscles?
Pectoralis major and minor, serratus anterior, SITS, teres major
How does the brachial artery pass through the cubital fossa?
As the lateral nuerovascular structure
Muscles supplied by the brachial artery
Deltoid, triceps, biceps, brachialis, coracobrachialis, anconeus
Superficial veins of the arm
Cephalic, basilic and median cubital
Cephalic vein
Longest vein of the arm. Starts at the thenar eminence, then travels up the lateral arm where it drains into the axillary vein. Drains the lateral subcutaneous tissue.
Basilic vein
Vein in the superficial medial forearm. Begins at the hypothenar eminence and tranvels to the brachial vein at the mid-humerus.
Median cubital vein
Combination of the cephalic and basilic veins.
Where is blood taken from?
The median cubital vein.
The median cubital vein drains which tissues?
The subcutaneous tissue of the cubital fossa.
Proteins found within blood plasma
Albumin, globulin and fibrinogen
Lifespan of a RBC
Up to 120 days
Lifespan of a typical white blood cell
Days
Granular leukocytes
Neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils
Agranular leukocytes
Natural killer cells, B, T and monocytes
Neutrophils
Efficient phagocytes with a rapid response.
Eosinophils
Leukocytes which secrete antihistamines and kill parasites.
Basophils
Leukocytes which intensify inflammation
Natural killer cells
Leukocytes which provide non-specific resistance to non-self things.
B cells
Cells which provide specific immunity and produce antibodies.
T cells
Memory cells which form after pathogen exposure
