Circulatory System Flashcards
What is the circulatory systems jobs?
-transport oxygen to cells and remove carbon dioxide from cells
-transport food nutrients and remove waste
-regulates temperature (sends warm blood to surface to warm u)
-transport cells and antibodies (they fight of viruses)from immune system
What are the two types of transport systems?
Open
-no blood vessels(only small sections)
-blood sloshes inside body cavity
-very inefficient
Closed
-blood vessels
-blood is more efficiently delivered
-goes where it is needed under pressure because there’s a pump
What are the three types of circulation?
- Pulmonary
-heart,lungs,heart
2.Systemic
-heart,body,heart
3.Coronary
-blood vessels that supply heart muscle with oxygen and nutrients/remove waste
Why do veins need valves but not arteries?
Veins have valves to stop blood from flowing backward because the pressure is lower, especially when going back to the heart. Arteries don’t need valves since the blood is pumped at high pressure, keeping it moving in the right direction.
How does the arteries structure relate to its function/ why is it safe?
-have elastic tissue layer together so when you move it can stretch
-very thick /multiply layers so if you break one it will be okay
-narrow to help maintain high blood pressure so there is efficient blood flow
How does the capillaries structure relate to its function/ why is it safe?
- Thin Walls: Only one cell thick, allowing easy diffusion of oxygen and nutrients.
- Small Diameter: Red blood cells pass through in single file, increasing contact for exchange.
- Extensive Network: A large network throughout the body ensures all tissues get enough oxygen and nutrients.
How does the Viens structure relate to its function/ why is it safe?
- Thinner Walls: More flexible and can hold more blood.
- Larger hollow area: Easier for blood to flow back to the heart.
- Valves: Prevent backflow, keeping blood moving in the right direction.
What are the two parts of blood?
Plasma
-liquid part of blood
-water, protein, gas, waste, vitamins, minerals, sugar
Cells
-solid part of blood
-red blood cells(remove CO2 and delivers oxygen
-white blood cells(fight diseases)
What are the 5 factors affecting blood pressure ?
1.amount of blood (less=low)
2.heart rate (high=high pressure)
3.size of arteries (big=low)
4.stretchiness(less stretch=low)
5.Viscosity of blood (thick=high)
Height blood pressure puts strain on your heart and veins
Red blood cells vs white blood cells
Red: produced in the red bone marrow, Hemoglobin contains iron which supplies binding site for oxygen
White: white blood cells double to fight off infections, produced in bone marrow
What are Platelets?
Important role in blood clotting and prevents blood loss,
Has Fibrin (a mesh that stops red blood cells from leaving body)
Small fragments in blood
Produced in bone marrow
What are the different blood types?
A
B
AB
O-any blood type can get O but O can only get O
What’s on the left side of the heart and right side?
Low oxygenated blood enters heart through superior and inferior vena cava - into the right atrium - goes through the tri-cuspid valve - into right ventricle - blood pumped through pulmonary arteries into the lungs where they become oxygenated - oxygen rich blood enters pulmonary veins - into left atrium - where it goes through the bi-cuspid valve - into left ventricle - then pumped through aorta to rest of the body
What is the function of a semi-lunar valve?
- Semi-lunar valves are in the heart.
- They stop blood from going back into the heart.
- They open when the heart pumps blood out.
- They close when the heart rests.
- They help blood flow in one direction.
-two semi-lunar valves
If you were a doctor would you take blood from Viens or arteries and why?
- Blood is usually taken from veins, not arteries.
- Veins are easier to access because they are closer to the skin.
- Venous blood has lower pressure, reducing complications.
- Most lab tests can be done with venous blood.
How can Olympic athletes rest at such low heart rates?
-efficient heart
-more blood for each heart beat meaning it doesn’t have to work at hard
Get more blood from nutrient rich foods
What is the septum?
The septum is the place that separated the left and right ventricles
