Circulatory and Endocrine systems Flashcards
definition of circulatory system
blood, pumping organ, system of blood vessels
what is a circulatory system used for
delivers oxygen and takes away waste products
transport substances
oxygen and carbon dioxide
Blood helps maintain what
Homeostasis and acts as buffer
Open circulatory systems
blood isn’t confined to closed vessels, may be organise channels through certain organs, blood tissue exchange in tissue spaces (Molluscs and arthropods)
OCS molluscs
One ventricle, haemocoel to gills
OCS arthropods
bloods collects in pericard and enters the heart through dorsal ostia
OCS characteristics
More difficult to regulate, sluggish, hydrostatic functions, helps with shape change, assists moulting in arthropods
Closed circulatory system
Blood circulates in blood vessels, blood tissue exchange occurs in capillaries
CCS are in what
invertebrates, annelids, cephalopods
CCS characteristics
Active organisms, higher metabolic rate, contractile vessels and accessory hearts
CCS - vertebrates - Fish
heart - gills, becomes oxygenated - body
pros - blood is fully oxygenated when leaving gills
cons - low blood pressure, limits rate blood can be delivered
CCS - vertebrates - Amphibians and most reptiles (three cambered heart)
Pros - higher blood pressure
cons - no complete separation
CCS
Hormones are what
chemical signals responsilbe for growth development, sexual maturation and immune function
Classes of hormones
steroids, Amine derivatives, Peptides and proteins
Ecdysis or moulting hormonal control
temp, day length trigger CNS to begin ecdysis, CNS decreases production of molt-inhibiting hormone. promotes release of moulting hormone
Endocrine disruptor (EDC)
a chemical thar interferes with the synthesis secretion transport or binding or any hormone in the body
Known sources of EDCs
Pesticides, leaching from plastics, birth control pills, commercial cleaners, industrial chemicals - PCB dioxins and PAH
EDCs are linked to
immune system dysfunction, cancers, birth defects, neurological effects
EDCs bioaccumulative
instead of breaking down when eaten it builds
Nonylphenol
makes chemicals work better in water, suspected of feminizing male fish around the world
