Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Question 1

What does COPD stand for?

Answer 1

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Also known as Chronic Airway Limitations.

Question 2

What is a primary cause of COPD?

Answer 2

Smoking

Includes damage to elastase and cilia.

Question 3

What are the two types of COPD?

Answer 3

• Pulmonary Emphysema
• Chronic Bronchitis

Question 4

What is the main characteristic of Pulmonary Emphysema?

Answer 4

Air trapping of CO2 inside the alveoli

Leads to signs like chronic non-productive cough.

Question 5

What is a sign of increased CO2 levels in Pulmonary Emphysema?

Answer 5

Hypercapnia

Also known as hyper carbia.

Question 6

What condition results from chronic hypoxia in COPD?

Answer 6

Stimulus for breathing (hypoxic drive)

Low O2 levels trigger this response.

Question 7

What physical change is associated with over distension of alveoli?

Answer 7

Barrel chest

Question 8

What condition can develop secondary to chronic hypoxia?

Answer 8

Polycythemic vera

Kidney produces erythropoietin, increasing RBC count.

Question 9

What appearance is commonly associated with individuals suffering from Pulmonary Emphysema?

Answer 9

Pink puffers

Question 10

What is the primary symptom of Chronic Bronchitis?

Answer 10

Chronic productive cough

Question 11

What causes increased mucus production in Chronic Bronchitis?

Answer 11

Damaged goblet cells

Question 12

What is a consequence of mucus accumulation in Chronic Bronchitis?

Answer 12

Obstruction of airways

Question 13

True or False: In COPD, chronic non-productive cough is associated with Chronic Bronchitis.

Answer 13

False

Chronic non-productive cough is associated with Pulmonary Emphysema.

Question 14

Fill in the blank: The increase in CO2 levels in Chronic Bronchitis is due to _______.

Answer 14

Accumulation of mucus

Question 15

What condition is characterized by retention of CO2?

Answer 15

Respiratory acidosis

Question 16

What occurs when the O2 level is decreased?

Answer 16

Hypoxia

Question 17

What is the term used for patients who exhibit cyanosis due to mucus obstruction?

Answer 17

Blue bloaters

Question 18

What leads to pulmonary hypertension in patients?

Answer 18

Deoxygenated blood not entering the right ventricle

Question 19

What condition can result from pulmonary hypertension?

Answer 19

Right-sided heart failure (RHF)

Question 20

What are common symptoms associated with RHF?

Answer 20

Venous congestion, edema, ascites

Question 21

What management strategy involves cessation of smoking?

Answer 21

Management of respiratory conditions

Question 22

What is the recommended oxygen concentration for a patient with apnea?

Answer 22

33% via Venturi mask, then 45% via nasal cannula

Question 23

What is pulmonary toileting?

Answer 23

Elimination of secretions

Question 24

What is the dietary recommendation for patients?

Answer 24

Increase caloric intake, high protein, low carbohydrates, small frequent feeding

Question 25

Name one medication used to control symptoms.

Answer 25

Bronchodilator

Question 26

What type of medication is used to treat infections?

Answer 26

Antibiotic

Question 27

What is a common complication associated with mucus secretion?

Answer 27

Sepsis

Question 28

What should be avoided to prevent respiratory issues?

Answer 28

Extremes in temperature and crowded places

Question 29

Fill in the blank: Vaccination against _______ and pneumonia is important for prevention.

Answer 29

Flu

Question 30

What is a beneficial activity for patients?

Answer 30

Gardening

Question 31

What type of agent is used as a mucolytic?

Answer 31

Expectorants