Chronic And Granulomatous Inflammation

Question 1

What are some causes of chronic inflammation?

Answer 1

Persistent infections
Hypersensitivity diseases —> autoimmune disease
Prolonged exposure to toxic agents (endogenous or exogenous)

Question 2

What is a hypersensitivity reaction?

Answer 2

Excessive and inappropriate activation of immune system
Allergies are a type of hypersensitivity

Question 3

What type of cell predominates in chronic inflammation?

Answer 3

Mononuclear cells
Macrophages
Lymphocytes
Plasma cells

Question 4

What interferon is is the main mediator for chronic inflammation?

Answer 4

IFN gamma
- Secreted by lymphocytes (mainly T)

Question 5

These cells secrete growth factors for angiogenesis and collagen synthesis when activated

Answer 5

Macrophages

Question 6

What complement pathways can activate macrophages?

Answer 6

Classical
Alternative

Question 7

These granulocytes have granules that contain major basic protein

Answer 7

Eosinophils

Question 8

What is major basic protein effective against?

Answer 8

Parasites

Question 9

What can trigger mast cell activation?

Answer 9

Insect bites
Meds
Allergies

Question 10

What is granulomatous inflammation?

Answer 10

Type of chronic inflammation
Body’s attempt to contain difficult to eradicate agent
May have central necrosis
Abundant macrophages and lymphocytes

Question 11

These cells can fuse to make multinucleate giant cells

Answer 11

Macrophages

Question 12

What are the types of granulomas?

Answer 12

Foreign body
Immune

Question 13

Tell me about a difference between foreign body and immune granulomas

Answer 13

Absence of T-cell response in foreign body
Lymphocytes persistently activated in immune granulomas

Question 14

What is the difference between caseating and noncaseating granulomatous inflammation?

Answer 14

Caseating has necrosis, noncaseating doesn’t

Question 15

In which of the following conditions are neutrophils present?
Infections
Tissue necrosis
Foreing body
Myocardial infarction
All of the above

Answer 15

E

Question 16

Which of the following stimulate chronic inflammation?
Infections
Immune mediated inflammatory diseases
Metastatic disease (cancer)
A & B
All of the above

Answer 16

E

Question 17

Which of the following are true statements?
Mast cells participate in acute and chronic inflammatory processes
Mast cells degranulate and release histamine
Mast cells can activate eosinophils
Eosinophils can activate mast cells
All of the above
none of the above

Answer 17

E

Question 18

Which of the following are consequences of defective (not excessive) inflammatory responses?
Increases susceptibility to infections
Allergies
Autoimmune disease
A and C
A, C, and malignant tumours

Answer 18

E

Question 19

Which of the following structural changes happen to blood vessels in acute inflammation?
Vaodilation
Increased permeability
Contration of endothelial cells
Slowed blood flow
All of the above
A, B, and C

Answer 19

F
Although D does happen, the question stem is asking for structural changes to the blood vessel

Question 20

The most important role of TNF and IL1 on the microscopic and macroscopic lvls include:
Endothlial activation
Neutrophil activation
Fever induction
Appetite suppression
All of the above

Answer 20

E

Question 21

Which of the following are examples of excessive (not defective) inflammation?
Alelrgies
Autoimmune disease
Neaudegernerative disease
All of the above
A and B

Answer 21

D