Chromosomes Flashcards
1
Q
How many core subunits are there in a histone>
A
8
2
Q
What are linker histones?
A
Subunits of the histone (e.g H1) which link DNA to the histone to limit movement.
3
Q
What is a nucleosome?
A
A histone wrapped in DNA
4
Q
What do fractule globules do?
A
They can condense and decondense without becoming knotted.
5
Q
What do centromeres contain?
A
- Alpha satellite DNA
- Kinetochore inner plate which binds to alpha satellite DNA
- Kinetochore outer plate which binds to mitotic spindle.
6
Q
What is a kinetochore in yeast?
A
A basket that links chromatin to a microtubule.
7
Q
How much of the human genome is made of repeating sequences?
A
~50%
8
Q
What is a DNA transposon?
A
- Requires enzyme transposase
- Moves by a cut and paste mechanism
9
Q
What is a retroviral transposon?
A
Replication by an RNA intermediate produces DNA copies which integrate into DNA using reverse transcriptase
10
Q
What is non retroviral polyA transposon?
A
Encodes transcriptase
Uses RNA intermediate
