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Chris Metabolism/Glycolisis test Flashcards

1
Q

Kinetic energy

A

Energy in motion

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1
Q

Potential Energy

A
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2
Q

Work energy

A

Transfer of energy from one place to another

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3
Q

First law of therodynamics

A

Energy is constant
Energy can’t be created or destroyed
Can convert

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4
Q

Example of first law therodynamics

A

Plants capture sun energy and convert to energy in carbohydrates

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5
Q

Second law of therodynamics

A

Energy can’t be transfered without loss of useful energy
Increases entropy

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6
Q

Entropy

A

Random energy
Can’t do work

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7
Q

Gibbs free energy

A

Some energy is useful and can do work

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8
Q

Exergonic reaction

A

Spontaneous
Involves decrease in gibs free energy

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9
Q

Endergonic reaction

A

Not spontaneous
Involves increase in gibs free energy

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10
Q

Lost energy

A

Thermal energy
Can’t be recovered
Lost heat can keep body temp stable

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11
Q

Sun provides energy to keep cycle going is an example of what energ

A

Lost energy

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12
Q

Bond energy

A

How stable or easily broken
describes structure

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13
Q

Activation energy

A

Minimum energy required for a reaction to occur

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14
Q

Metabolism

A

Change food into energy
Provides energy
breakdown substances

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15
Q

Catabolic reaction

A

Breaks larger molecules
Breakdown ATP

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16
Q

Anabolic reaction

A

Larger molecules
Build muscle, protiens

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17
Q

Oxidation

A

Lose electrons

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18
Q

Reduction

A

Gain electrons

19
Q

ATP ases

A

ATP to ADP
Direct energy

20
Q

Hydrolysis of ATP to ADP

A

energy to be released for work (gibs free energy)

21
Q

Aerobic reaction

A

generates ATP using OXYGEN

22
Q

*Substrate

A

uses ADP as substrate
enzyme will add phosphate

23
Q

*Oxidative phosphorylation

A

needs co enzyme
pumps ions to other side of membrane
Carries hydrogen ion

24
Q

Energy carriers

A

NAD FAD

25
Q

Pyrouvate oxidation occurs in

A

mitochondria

26
Q

Entropy is always increasing is which law of therodynamics

A

second

27
Q

*ATP synthesis is an ______ process that phosphorylates ADP

A

Endergonic

28
Q

goal of cellular respiration?

A

to capture as much of the available free energy in the form of ATP

29
Q

*substrate level phosphorylation

A

ATP is directly formed.
transfers PO4 directly to ADP forming ATP

30
Q

glycolysis occurs

A

In the cytosol of the cell

31
Q

*Glycolosis___ Activation phase which uses ATP molecules.

A

Glycolysis 1

32
Q

*reduce glucose to pyruvate and also produce ATP molecules.

A

gycolisis 2

33
Q

Glycolysis 2 summary

A

formation of ATP and NADH

34
Q

Metabolic rate

A

The amount of energy consumed by an organism in a given amount of time

35
Q

Basal metabolic rate

A

The minimum amount of energy needed to keep and organism alive. This is dependant on age growth and development

36
Q

Explain the correlation between age and Basal metabolic rate

A

As we age our basal metabolic rate decreases which in turn means our metabolism slows down. This can cause things like the freshman 15 in people around the age of 20.

37
Q

**Why does lactic acid fermentation occur?

A

Your cells cannot get enough oxygen through aerobic respiration so instead they use anaerobic respiration in the form of lactic acid fermentation to allow continuous production of ATP.

38
Q

What is the lactate threshold?

A

blood lactate concentration begins to increase sharply. Once reached a burning sensation is felt and exercise is limited.

39
Q

Why is 2 acetyl CoA 2NADH 2H+ 2CO2 not accurate

A

Nothing is 100% efficient
Can’t gaurentee it will produce that yeild

40
Q

Autotroph

A

An organism that makes its own food

41
Q

Heterotroph

A

An organism that cannot make its own food.

42
Q

Electron Transport Chain Summary

A

Proteinscouple
Electrons pass through from redox reactions
Release Energy
makes atp

43
Q

*Why does exercise improve metabolic rate

A

Muscles use calories
More used to the burning sensation
Increases Basel metabolic rate (relate to freshman 15)

44
Q

*Explain the process of a heart attack

A

Flow of blood becomes blocked
heart can’t get oxygen
Heart begins to die

45
Q

*Why is citrate important

A

Used by aerobic organisms
Immune cell function
INHIBIT PFK

46
Q

How do enzymes lower activation level

A

Catalysts
co factors and co enzymes, work directly and help catalysts

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