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Physical science > chpt 28.1 > Flashcards

chpt 28.1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the troposphere

A

A layer extending an average of 12 km above earths surface where our weather takes place

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2
Q

Occurs when air temperature increases with altitude and the air becomes stable

A

temperature invasion

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3
Q

is a natural process in which certain gases in the atmosphere warm a planet as they adsorb and emit infrared radiation

A

The green house effect

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4
Q

how are the atmospheric layer divided

A

by composition and temperature

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5
Q

what is the majority of the troposphere layer made up of

A

nitrogen (78%)

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6
Q

what is the second gas that makes up the gas in the troposphere

A

oxygen (21%)

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7
Q

what is the remaining percent of the troposphere made up of

A

trace gases (1%) and is mostly argon

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8
Q

what two things do plants make

A

oxygen and glucose

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9
Q

does temperature increases or decreases with altitude

A

it decreases

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10
Q

how many layers are in the earths atmosphere

A

5 layers

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11
Q

what are the names of earths atmosphere layers starting closes to earths surface

A 
troposphere
stratosphere
mesosphere
thermosphere
exosphere
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12
Q

which layer is the ozone layer found in

A

the second layer or the stratosphere

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13
Q

does the temperature increase or decrease in the stratosphere

A

it increases

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14
Q

does the temperature increase or decrease in the mesosphere

A

it decreases

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15
Q

does the temperature increase or decrease in the stratosphere

A

it increases

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16
Q

does the thermosphere and the exosphere affect weather

A

no they do not

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17
Q

where does 100% of our solar radiation come from?

A

the sun

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18
Q

what % or solar radiation is absorbed by earths surface

A

50%

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19
Q

what percent of solar radiation get reflected off of earths surface

A

5%

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20
Q

what percent of solar radiation is absorb by particals in the atmosphere

A

20%

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21
Q

what percent of radiation is reflected off the particals and clouds in the atmosphere

A

25%

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22
Q

what are the three basic cloud types

A

stratus, cumulus, cirrus

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23
Q

explain what a stratus cloud looks like

A

they are layered sheet like clouds associated with rain

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24
Q

what do cumulus clouds look like

A

they are puffy in shape and occur in fair weather

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25
Q

what do cirrus clouds look like

A

they are wispy high altitude clouds

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26
Q

what is it called where water is taken from the earths surface into the atmosphere and is dropped back down in a cycle

A

the water cycle

27
Q

what are the stages of the water cycle

A

evaporation, transperation, condensation, precipitation, runoff, infiltration

28
Q

what is a jet stream

A

is a narrow band of fast moving high altitude air

29
Q

what is the Coriolis effect

A

the apparent deflection of an object due to earths rotation

30
Q

what is an air mass

A

is a large volume of air with uniform moister and temperature throughout

31
Q

air masses interact in what zones

A

weather fronts

32
Q

is there only one jet stream in the world

A

no there are four

33
Q

how many pressure systems are there

A

there are two pressure system the low and high pressure system

34
Q

what is the low pressure system also known as

A

Also known as a low

35
Q

which way does the air flow in a low pressure system

A

counterclockwise

36
Q

what is the result of the low pressure system

A

air rises and forms clouds that can causes precipitation

37
Q

what is a high pressure system also known as

A

a high

38
Q

what direction does a high pressure system flow

A

clockwise

39
Q

what are some results of a high pressure system

A

the air sinks and causes clear skys

40
Q

what are the four weather fronts

A

warm
cold
stationary
occluded

41
Q

what does cold are form

A

cold air forms warm air upward very quickly creating cumulus clouds

42
Q

what symbol represents a cold front

A

a line of blue triangles

43
Q

on the news what would a warm front be represented by

A

a line of red half circles

44
Q

what is a stationary front

A

when cold and warm front meet and create a prolonged amount of precipitation

45
Q

what is a stationary front represented by

A

by alternating blue and red triangles and half circles on the top and bottom

46
Q

what is an occluded front

A

a cold fast moving front takes over a warm front creating fast winds and thunderstorms

47
Q

what is a occluding front represented by

A

purple alternating triangles and half circle on the top

48
Q

what is global warming

A

an increase of earths surface temperature

49
Q

what is el nino

A

is the warming of the Pacific Ocean

50
Q

what is la Nina

A

a large volume of air with uniform moister and temperature throughout

51
Q

what are the two changes that earths climate under goes

A

seasonal changes and long term changes

52
Q

how do seasonal changes occur

A

seasonal changes occur as earth revolves around the sun

53
Q

which hemisphere experiences summer

A

the one that is tilted towards the sun

54
Q

what was the period called where the earths surface was covered with sheets of ice

A

the ice age

55
Q

how long ago did earths climate reach its current pattern

A
56
Q

what are the changes related to earths orbit

A

tilt of earths axis
shape of its orbit
and timing of the seasons

57
Q

how do humans impact climate

A

deforestation
energy consumption
industrial and agriculture practices

58
Q

what is deforestation

A

clearing a large area of forestland

59
Q

how does deforestation impact climate change

A

with fewer trees more CO2 is released into the atmosphere

60
Q

what ways are the carbon cycle affected

A
61
Q

what is a sphere

A

it is a round three dimensional object with a surface the is the same distance from the center in all directions

62
Q

what is an ellipse

A

is an elongated closed curve with two foci

63
Q

is earth a perfect sphere

A

no the width is longer then its height

64
Q

what are some ancient observations to prove that earth is a sphere

A
  • objects fall straight down no matter where your at towards the center of the sphere
  • the shadow on the moon during a solar eclipse is always curved
  • everybody does not see the same stars

Physical science (11 decks)

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