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chpt 28.1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the troposphere

A

A layer extending an average of 12 km above earths surface where our weather takes place

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2
Q

Occurs when air temperature increases with altitude and the air becomes stable

A

temperature invasion

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3
Q

is a natural process in which certain gases in the atmosphere warm a planet as they adsorb and emit infrared radiation

A

The green house effect

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4
Q

how are the atmospheric layer divided

A

by composition and temperature

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5
Q

what is the majority of the troposphere layer made up of

A

nitrogen (78%)

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6
Q

what is the second gas that makes up the gas in the troposphere

A

oxygen (21%)

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7
Q

what is the remaining percent of the troposphere made up of

A

trace gases (1%) and is mostly argon

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8
Q

what two things do plants make

A

oxygen and glucose

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9
Q

does temperature increases or decreases with altitude

A

it decreases

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10
Q

how many layers are in the earths atmosphere

A

5 layers

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11
Q

what are the names of earths atmosphere layers starting closes to earths surface

A 
troposphere
stratosphere
mesosphere
thermosphere
exosphere
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12
Q

which layer is the ozone layer found in

A

the second layer or the stratosphere

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13
Q

does the temperature increase or decrease in the stratosphere

A

it increases

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14
Q

does the temperature increase or decrease in the mesosphere

A

it decreases

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15
Q

does the temperature increase or decrease in the stratosphere

A

it increases

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16
Q

does the thermosphere and the exosphere affect weather

A

no they do not

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17
Q

where does 100% of our solar radiation come from?

A

the sun

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18
Q

what % or solar radiation is absorbed by earths surface

A

50%

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19
Q

what percent of solar radiation get reflected off of earths surface

A

5%

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20
Q

what percent of solar radiation is absorb by particals in the atmosphere

A

20%

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21
Q

what percent of radiation is reflected off the particals and clouds in the atmosphere

A

25%

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22
Q

what are the three basic cloud types

A

stratus, cumulus, cirrus

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23
Q

explain what a stratus cloud looks like

A

they are layered sheet like clouds associated with rain

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24
Q

what do cumulus clouds look like

A

they are puffy in shape and occur in fair weather

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25
what do cirrus clouds look like
they are wispy high altitude clouds
26
what is it called where water is taken from the earths surface into the atmosphere and is dropped back down in a cycle
the water cycle
27
what are the stages of the water cycle
evaporation, transperation, condensation, precipitation, runoff, infiltration
28
what is a jet stream
is a narrow band of fast moving high altitude air
29
what is the Coriolis effect
the apparent deflection of an object due to earths rotation
30
what is an air mass
is a large volume of air with uniform moister and temperature throughout
31
air masses interact in what zones
weather fronts
32
is there only one jet stream in the world
no there are four
33
how many pressure systems are there
there are two pressure system the low and high pressure system
34
what is the low pressure system also known as
Also known as a low
35
which way does the air flow in a low pressure system
counterclockwise
36
what is the result of the low pressure system
air rises and forms clouds that can causes precipitation
37
what is a high pressure system also known as
a high
38
what direction does a high pressure system flow
clockwise
39
what are some results of a high pressure system
the air sinks and causes clear skys
40
what are the four weather fronts
warm cold stationary occluded
41
what does cold are form
cold air forms warm air upward very quickly creating cumulus clouds
42
what symbol represents a cold front
a line of blue triangles
43
on the news what would a warm front be represented by
a line of red half circles
44
what is a stationary front
when cold and warm front meet and create a prolonged amount of precipitation
45
what is a stationary front represented by
by alternating blue and red triangles and half circles on the top and bottom
46
what is an occluded front
a cold fast moving front takes over a warm front creating fast winds and thunderstorms
47
what is a occluding front represented by
purple alternating triangles and half circle on the top
48
what is global warming
an increase of earths surface temperature
49
what is el nino
is the warming of the Pacific Ocean
50
what is la Nina
a large volume of air with uniform moister and temperature throughout
51
what are the two changes that earths climate under goes
seasonal changes and long term changes
52
how do seasonal changes occur
seasonal changes occur as earth revolves around the sun
53
which hemisphere experiences summer
the one that is tilted towards the sun
54
what was the period called where the earths surface was covered with sheets of ice
the ice age
55
how long ago did earths climate reach its current pattern
56
what are the changes related to earths orbit
tilt of earths axis shape of its orbit and timing of the seasons
57
how do humans impact climate
deforestation energy consumption industrial and agriculture practices
58
what is deforestation
clearing a large area of forestland
59
how does deforestation impact climate change
with fewer trees more CO2 is released into the atmosphere
60
what ways are the carbon cycle affected
61
what is a sphere
it is a round three dimensional object with a surface the is the same distance from the center in all directions
62
what is an ellipse
is an elongated closed curve with two foci
63
is earth a perfect sphere
no the width is longer then its height
64
what are some ancient observations to prove that earth is a sphere
- objects fall straight down no matter where your at towards the center of the sphere - the shadow on the moon during a solar eclipse is always curved - everybody does not see the same stars

Physical science (11 decks)

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