27.3 and 27.4

Question 1

what is the process called in which water enters earth and becomes ground water

Answer 1

infiltration

Question 2

what is the upper boundary of the saturated zone called?

Answer 2

the water table

Question 3

a rock unit that can transfer water through its pore space is called an ____

Answer 3

aquifer

Question 4

the ____ of a material is the percentage of of the materials total volume that is pore space

Answer 4

porosity

Question 5

what is the process of assigning an exact numerical age to an organism, an object or an event

Answer 5

Absolute dating

Question 6

is the process of placing objects or events in their proper order in time

Answer 6

relative dating

Question 7

what states the laws of nature operated today as they did in the past

Answer 7

principle of uniformitarianism

Question 8

what states that in an undisturbed sequence of sedimentary rocks, the youngest rocks will be on top and the oldest rocks will be at the bottom

Answer 8

principle of superposition

Question 9

____ are gaps in the rocks record during which either erosion occurred or deposition was absent

Answer 9

uncomformities

Question 10

remains or traces of organisms found in a rocks record are called

Answer 10

fossils

Question 11

what percentage of water on earth is saltwater

Answer 11

97%

Question 12

what percentage of water on earth is fresh water

Answer 12

3%

Question 13

where is the majority of freshwater found

Answer 13

2% found in glaciers

Question 14

where is the smaller percent of fresh water found

Answer 14

1% found in lakes, rivers, and stored as groundwater

Question 15

what is precipitation

Answer 15

what water vapor in the air cools and condenses to form liquid water or ice crystals
forms of precipitation are rain snow sleet and hail

Question 16

what is runoff

Answer 16

where water runoff of the land surface

Question 17

what is infiltration

Answer 17

the process by which water enters Earth and becomes groundwater below the surface

Question 18

what is transpiration

Answer 18

When plants release\ water vapor into the atmosphere through their leaves

Question 19

what is evaporation

Answer 19

when water enters the atmosphere as water vapor

Question 20

what is condensation

Answer 20

when water vapor collides with other water vapor molecules to form water droplets
eventually the water droplets will become heavy enough to fall as precipitation

Question 21

what is the water cycle

Answer 21

when fresh water moves from the land, to the atmosphere and back to the land in a cycle

Question 22

what is an unsaturated zone for groundwater storage

Answer 22

a porous area where water easily passes though

Question 23

what is the saturated zone for ground water storage

Answer 23

beneath the unsaturated zone were water completely fills the pore space

Question 24

what is a water table

Answer 24

the upper boundary of the saturated zone

Question 25

what does it mean if sediment is permeable

Answer 25

the more permeable it is the easier water can infiltrate through the ground

Question 26

what is an aquifer

Answer 26

a rock unit that can transfer water through its pore space

Question 27

what is the name of the great plains aquifer

Answer 27

ogallala aquifer

Question 28

how many states does the great plains aquifer run through

Answer 28

8 states

Question 29

what are the names or the states that the great plains aquifer runs through

Answer 29

south Dakota, Wyoming, Nebraska, Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, New Mexico and Texas

Question 30

what is an Aquitard

Answer 30

are layers that keep water confined and does not let water through

Question 31

how are water springs formed

Answer 31

where the water tables naturally meet earths surface

Question 32

what is an artiesian well

Answer 32

where we drill into a pressurized aquifer

Question 33

what is a cone of depression

Answer 33

its where the water flows in a direction down towards the well in a cone shape