chpt 26.3 Flashcards
Define clasts
small rocks and mineral fragments
what types of erosion are rocks on earths surface exposed to
water, wind, and other forces
what does it mean if clasts are being transported
they are being transported from one location to another
what does it mean if clasts are being deposited
when the clasts settle to the bottom of a surface
define pore space
the space in between the grains
define compaction
when clasts stick together due to the weight of the overlaying material
define cementation
minerals precipitate slowly from a water solution and crystallize in the spaces between clasts
how are sedimentary rocks formed
clasts get compacted together and water moves between cuasing cementation
whats another name for clasts
detritus
what are sedimentary rocks called that are mostly made of clasts
detrital sedimentary rock
what is the decreasing order size of clasts
gravel, sand, silk, and mud/ clay
which clasts size would be deposited first
what are 4 common detrital sedimentary rocks
conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone, shale
how are chemical sedimentary rocks formed
from water that contains dissolved solids, then minerals crystals precipitate out of the solution
if sedimentary rocks contain remains of living organisms what are they called
bio chemical sedimentary rocks
what are 2 common biochemical sedimentary rocks
Lime stone and coal
what are the 3 types of sedimentary rock
mafic, felsic, and intermediate
metamorphic rock is changed by a combination of which three things
heat pressure and chemical reactions
which types of rocks can be changed by metamorphism
igneous sedimentary and metamorphic
what is it called when metamorphic changes in rocks occur over large areas
regional metamorphism
what is it called when metamorphic changes in rocks occur over small areas
contact metamorphism
when shale is compressed, which type of metamorphic rock is created
slate
what are the two types of metamorphic rock textures?
folianted and non folianted
define foliated texture
has crystals that are arranged in layers and bands
define non-foliated texture
has crystals with a more random orientation
metamorphic rocks are mainly classified based on which 2 things
texture and compasition
define rock cycle
the continual changing of rocks from one type to another
which types of rocks are part of the rock cycle
igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary
what are the three types of rocks
igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks
which types of rocks form from molten rock
igneous
which types are formed from clasts, precipitation or compressed once living matter
sedimentary
which types of rocks are formed from heat, pressure, of chemical reaction
metamorphic rock
what can form from hot water, evaporation, or molten rock
metamorphic
