chapter 25.3 & 25.4

Question 1

the earths layers include

Answer 1

the inner core, outer core, mantle, and the crust

Question 2

what is the boundary that marks a density change between layers

Answer 2

discontinuity

Question 3

how can discontinuities be identified

Answer 3

by studying seismic waves

Question 4

what is a shadow zone

Answer 4

where no seismic waves have been recorded

Question 5

whats another term or name for a shadow zone

Answer 5

A dead zone

Question 6

what are the degrees from the epicenter that shadow are found

Answer 6

at 105 and 140 degrees

Question 7

is the outer core a solid or a liquid

Answer 7

its a liquid

Question 8

is the inner core a solid or a liquid? why?

Answer 8

Its a solid due to the pressure

Question 9

what is the lithosphere

Answer 9

the crust and the upper-most mantle

Question 10

what is the asthenosphere

Answer 10

is a plastic like layer that the plates move on

Question 11

what metallic materials make up the core

Answer 11

Iron and nickle

Question 12

what elements make up the mantle

Answer 12

calcium, aluminum, iron and magnesium

Question 13

is the measure of a fluids resistance to flow

Answer 13

viscosity

Question 14

is the chemical compound silicon dioxide

Answer 14

Silica

Question 15

tend to be small, have heights in the hundreds of meters range and have short eruption cycles

Answer 15

cinder cone volcano

Question 16

are brod flat structures composed of layer upon layer of lava flows

Answer 16

shield volcano

Question 17

are large and steep sided, often thousands of meters high and tens of kilometres across the base, and composed of layers of both lava and ash

Answer 17

composite volcano

Question 18

what is molten or liquid rocks stored inside earth called

Answer 18

magma

Question 19

where is the ring of fire next to

Answer 19

pacific ocean

Question 20

what forms when when tectonic plates slide along subduction zones

Answer 20

volcanoes

Question 21

which two locations can volcanic activity occur due to divergence

Answer 21

the mid Atlantic ridge and the East African rift valley

Question 22

are hot spots stationary

Answer 22

hot spots do not move they are stationary

Question 23

what are created from hot spots

Answer 23

volcanic islands (Hawaii)

Question 24

if a liquid has a higher viscosity, is it going to run faster or slower

Answer 24

it will run slower

Question 25

if magma has a higher viscosity, does it have more or less silica

Answer 25

the higher the viscosity the more the silica

Question 26

what is pyroclastic material

Answer 26

any solid material that erupts from a volcano

Question 27

what is the smallest type of pyroclastic material

Answer 27

ash

Question 28

what are the largest pyroclastic material

Answer 28

blocks and bombs

Question 29

what are the types of gases that come from a volcano

Answer 29

water vapor, carbon dioxide, and sulfur dioxide

Question 30

how are volcanoes classified

Answer 30

by their size shape and the materials that they erupt

Question 31

what are the three types of volcanoes

Answer 31

cinder cone, shield, and composite volcanoes