Chp 32 Vocab

Question 1

acromioclavicular (AC) joint

Answer 1

A simple joint where the bony projections of the scapula and the clavicle meet at the top of the shoulder.

Question 2

amputation

Answer 2

An injury in which part of the body is completely severed.

Question 3

articular cartilage

Answer 3

A pearly white layer of specialized cartilage covering the articular surfaces (contact surfaces on the ends) of bones in synovial joints.

Question 4

calcaneus

Answer 4

The heel bone.

Question 5

closed fracture

Answer 5

Any break in a bone in which the overlying skin is not broken.

Question 6

compartment syndrome

Answer 6

Swelling in a confined space that produces dangerous pressure; may cut off blood flow or damage sensitive tissue.

Question 7

crepitus

Answer 7

A grating or grinding sensation or sound caused by fractured bone ends or joints rubbing together.

Question 8

dislocation

Answer 8

Disruption of a joint in which ligaments are damaged and the bone ends are no longer in contact.

Question 9

displaced fracture

Answer 9

A fracture in which bone fragments are separated from one another, producing deformity in the limb.

Question 10

ecchymosis

Answer 10

Bruising or discoloration associated with bleeding within or under the skin.

Question 11

false motion

Answer 11

Movement that occurs in a bone at a point where there is no joint, indicating a fracture; also called free movement.

Question 12

fascia

Answer 12

The fiberlike connective tissue that covers arteries, veins, tendons, and ligaments.

Question 13

fibula

Answer 13

The outer and smaller bone of the two bones of the lower leg.

Question 14

fracture

Answer 14

A break in the continuity of a bone.

Question 15

glenoid fossa

Answer 15

The part of the scapula that joins with the humeral head to form the glenohumeral joint.

Question 16

hematuria

Answer 16

Blood in the urine

Question 17

joint

Answer 17

The place where two bones come into contact.

Question 18

ligaments

Answer 18

Bands of fibrous tissue that connect bones to bones. Ligaments support and strengthen a joint.

Question 19

nondisplaced fracture

Answer 19

A simple crack in the bone that has not caused the bone to move from its normal anatomic position; also called a hairline fracture.

Question 20

open fracture

Answer 20

Any break in a bone in which the overlying skin has been broken.

Question 21

pelvic binder

Answer 21

A device to splint the bony pelvis to reduce hemorrhage from bone ends, venous disruption, and pain.

Question 22

point tenderness

Answer 22

Tenderness that is sharply localized at the site of the injury, found by gently palpating along the bone with the tip of one finger.

Question 23

position of function

Answer 23

A hand position in which the wrist is slightly dorsiflexed and all finger joints are moderately flexed.

Question 24

reduce

Answer 24

To return a dislocated joint or fractured bone to its normal position; to set.

Question 25

retroperitoneal space

Answer 25

The space between the abdominal cavity and the posterior abdominal wall, containing the kidneys, certain large vessels, and parts of the gastrointestinal tract.

Question 26

sciatic nerve

Answer 26

The major nerve to the lower extremities; controls much of muscle function in the leg and sensation in most of the leg and foot.

Question 27

sling

Answer 27

A bandage or material that helps to support the weight of an injured upper extremity.

Question 28

splint

Answer 28

A flexible or rigid device used to protect and maintain the position of an injured extremity.

Question 29

sprain

Answer 29

A joint injury involving damage to supporting ligaments, and sometimes partial or temporary dislocation of bone ends.

Question 30

strain

Answer 30

Stretching or tearing of a muscle; also called a muscle pull.

Question 31

swathe

Answer 31

A bandage that passes around the chest to secure an injured arm to the chest.

Question 32

tibia

Answer 32

The shinbone; the larger of the two bones of the lower leg.

Question 33

tourniquet

Answer 33

The bleeding control method used when a wound continues to bleed despite the use of direct pressure; useful if a patient is bleeding severely from a partial or complete amputation.

Question 34

traction

Answer 34

Longitudinal force applied to a structure.

Question 35

zone of injury

Answer 35

The area of potentially damaged soft tissue, adjacent nerves, and blood vessels surrounding an injury to a bone or a joint.