Chp 2 Vocab

Question 1

acute stress reactions

Answer 1

Reactions to stress that occur during a traumatic situation.

Question 2

aerosol-generating procedure

Answer 2

Treatments that increase the risk for transmission of infections that are spread through the air or by droplets; CPR is an example.

Question 3

airborne transmission

Answer 3

The spread of an organism via droplets or dust.

Question 4

bloodborne pathogens

Answer 4

Pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood and can cause disease in humans. These pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Question 5

burnout

Answer 5

A combination of exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced performance resulting from long-term job stresses in health care and other high-stress professions.

Question 6

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Answer 6

The primary federal agency that conducts and supports public health activities in the United States. The CDC is part of the US Department of Health and Human Services.

Question 7

communicable disease

Answer 7

A disease that can be spread from one person or species to another.

Question 8

compassion fatigue

Answer 8

A stress disorder characterized by gradual lessening of compassion over time.

Question 9

concealment

Answer 9

The use of objects to limit a person’s ability to see you.

Question 10

contamination

Answer 10

The presence of infectious organisms on or in objects such as dressings, water, food, needles, wounds, or a patient’s body.

Question 11

cover

Answer 11

The tactical use of an impenetrable barrier for protection.

Question 12

critical incident stress management (CISM)

Answer 12

A process that confronts the responses to critical incidents and defuses them, directing the emergency services personnel toward physical and emotional equilibrium.

Question 13

cumulative stress reactions

Answer 13

Prolonged or excessive stress.

Question 14

delayed stress reactions

Answer 14

Reactions to stress that occur after a stressful situation.

Question 15

designated officer

Answer 15

The individual in the department who is charged with the responsibility of managing exposures and infection control issues.

Question 16

direct contact

Answer 16

Exposure or transmission of a communicable disease from one person to another by physical contact.

Question 17

distress

Answer 17

A negative response to a stressor.

Question 18

eustress

Answer 18

A beneficial response to a stressor

Question 19

exposure

Answer 19

A situation in which a person has had contact with blood, body fluids, tissues, or airborne particles in a manner that suggests disease transmission may occur.

Question 20

foodborne transmission

Answer 20

The contamination of food or water with an organism than can cause disease.

Question 21

general adaptation syndrome

Answer 21

The body’s response to stress that begins with an alarm response, followed by a stage of reaction and resistance, and then recovery or, if the stress is prolonged, exhaustion.

Question 22

hepatitis

Answer 22

Inflammation of the liver, usually caused by a viral infection, that causes fever, loss of appetite, jaundice, fatigue, and altered liver function.

Question 23

host

Answer 23

The organism or individual that is attacked by the infecting agent.

Question 24

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Answer 24

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by HIV, which damages the cells in the body’s immune system so that the body is unable to fight infection or certain cancers.

Question 25

immune

Answer 25

The body’s ability to protect itself from acquiring a disease.

Question 26

indirect contact

Answer 26

Exposure or transmission of disease from one person to another by contact with a contaminated object.

Question 27

infection

Answer 27

The abnormal invasion of a host or host tissues by organisms such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites, with or without signs or symptoms of disease.

Question 28

infection control

Answer 28

Procedures to reduce transmission of infection among patients and health care personnel.

Question 29

infectious disease

Answer 29

A medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small, harmful organisms within the body.

Question 30

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

Answer 30

The federal regulatory compliance agency that develops, publishes, and enforces guidelines concerning safety in the workplace.

Question 31

pathogen

Answer 31

A microorganism that is capable of causing disease in a susceptible host.

Question 32

personal protective equipment (PPE)

Answer 32

Protective equipment that blocks exposure to a pathogen or a hazardous material.

Question 33

posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Answer 33

A delayed stress reaction to a prior incident. Often the result of one or more unresolved issues concerning the incident, and may relate to an incident that involved physical harm or the threat of physical harm.