Chp 27 Vocab

Question 1

abrasion

Answer 1

Loss or damage of the superficial layer of skin as a result of a body part rubbing or scraping across a rough or hard surface.

Question 2

amputation

Answer 2

An injury in which part of the body is completely severed.

Question 3

avulsion

Answer 3

An injury in which soft tissue is torn completely loose or is hanging as a flap.

Question 4

burn

Answer 4

Injuries in which soft-tissue damage occurs as a result of thermal heat, frictional heat, toxic chemicals, electricity, or nuclear radiation.

Question 5

closed injuries

Answer 5

Injuries in which damage occurs beneath the skin or mucous membrane but the surface of the skin remains intact.

Question 6

compartment syndrome

Answer 6

Swelling in a confined space that produces dangerous pressure; may cut off blood flow or damage sensitive tissue.

Question 7

contact burn

Answer 7

A burn caused by direct contact with a hot object.

Question 8

contamination

Answer 8

The presence of infective organisms or foreign bodies such as dirt, gravel, or metal.

Question 9

contusion

Answer 9

A bruise from an injury that causes bleeding beneath the skin without breaking the skin.

Question 10

crushing injury

Answer 10

An injury that occurs when a great amount of force is applied to the body.

Question 11

crush syndrome

Answer 11

Significant metabolic derangement that develops when crushed extremities or body parts remain trapped for prolonged periods. This can lead to renal failure and death.

Question 12

dermis

Answer 12

The inner layer of the skin, containing hair follicles, sweat glands, nerve endings, and blood vessels.

Question 13

ecchymosis

Answer 13

A buildup of blood beneath the skin that produces a characteristic blue or black discoloration as the result of an injury.

Question 14

epidermis

Answer 14

The outer layer of skin, which is made up of cells that are sealed together to form a watertight protective covering for the body.

Question 15

evisceration

Answer 15

The displacement of organs outside the body

Question 16

excited delirium

Answer 16

A serious behavioral condition in which a person exhibits agitated behavior combined with disorientation, hallucinations, or delusions; also called agitated delirium or exhaustive mania.

Question 17

fascia

Answer 17

The fiber-like connective tissue that covers arteries, veins, tendons, and ligaments.

Question 18

flame burn

Answer 18

A burn caused by an open flame.

Question 19

flash burn

Answer 19

A burn caused by exposure to very intense heat, such as in an explosion.

Question 20

full-thickness (third-degree) burns

Answer 20

Burns that affect all skin layers and may affect the subcutaneous layers, muscle, bone, and internal organs, leaving the area dry, leathery, and white, dark brown, or charred.

Question 21

hematoma

Answer 21

A mass of blood that has collected within damaged tissue beneath the skin or in a body cavity.

Question 22

impaled objects

Answer 22

Objects that penetrate the skin but remain in place.

Question 23

incision

Answer 23

A sharp, smooth cut in the skin.

Question 24

laceration

Answer 24

A deep, jagged cut in the skin.

Question 25

mucous membranes

Answer 25

The linings of body cavities and passages that communicate directly or indirectly with the environment outside the body.

Question 26

occlusive dressing

Answer 26

An airtight dressing that protects a wound from air and bacteria; a commercial vented version allows air to passively escape from the chest, while an unvented dressing may be made of petroleum jelly– based (Vaseline) gauze, aluminum foil, or plastic.

Question 27

open injuries

Answer 27

Injuries in which there is a break in the surface of the skin or the mucous membrane, exposing deeper tissue to potential contamination.

Question 28

partial-thickness (second-degree) burns

Answer 28

Burns that affect the epidermis and some portion of the dermis but not the subcutaneous tissue, characterized by blisters and skin that is white to red, moist, and mottled.

Question 29

penetrating wound

Answer 29

An injury resulting from a sharp, piercing object.

Question 30

rabid

Answer 30

Infected with rabies.

Question 31

rule of nines

Answer 31

A system that assigns percentages to sections of the body, allowing calculation of the amount of skin surface involved in the burn area.

Question 32

scald burn

Answer 32

A burn caused by hot liquids.

Question 33

steam burn

Answer 33

A burn caused by exposure to hot steam.

Question 34

superficial (first-degree) burns

Answer 34

Burns that affect only the epidermis, characterized by skin that is red but not blistered or actually burned through.

Question 35

thermal burn

Answer 35

A burn caused by heat.