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EMT 24’ > Chp 12 Vocab > Flashcards

Chp 12 Vocab Flashcards

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1
Q

absorption

A

The process by which medications travel through body tissues until they reach the bloodstream.

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2
Q

action

A

The therapeutic effect of a medication on the body.

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3
Q

adverse effects

A

Any unwanted clinical results of a medication.

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4
Q

agonist

A

A medication that causes stimulation of receptors.

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5
Q

antagonist

A

A medication that binds to a receptor and blocks other medications.

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6
Q

antibiotic

A

A medication used to treat infections caused by a bacterium.

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7
Q

anticoagulant

A

A medication that impairs the ability of blood to clot.

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8
Q

antifungal

A

A medication used to treat infections caused by a fungus.

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9
Q

antiplatelet

A

A medication that prevents blood platelets from clumping or sticking together.

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10
Q

antipyretics

A

Medications that treat or reduce a fever.

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11
Q

aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid or ASA)

A

A medication that is an antipyretic (reduces fever), analgesic (reduces pain), anti-inflammatory (reduces inflammation), and a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation (clumping).

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12
Q

contraindications

A

Conditions that make a particular medication or treatment inappropriate because it would not help, or may actually harm, a patient.

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13
Q

dose

A

The amount of medication given on the basis of the patient’s size and age.

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14
Q

duration

A

The amount of time that clinical effects of a medication last.

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15
Q

elimination

A

The process of removing a medication or chemical from within the body.

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16
Q

EMT-administered medication

A

Administration of a medication by the EMT directly to the patient.

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17
Q

enteral medications

A

Medications that enter the body through the digestive system.

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18
Q

epinephrine

A

A medication that increases heart rate and blood pressure but also eases breathing problems by decreasing muscle tone of the bronchiole tree.

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19
Q

gel

A

A semiliquid substance that is administered orally in capsule form or through plastic tubes.

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20
Q

generic name

A

The original chemical name of a medication (in contrast with one of its proprietary or trade names); the name is not capitalized.

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21
Q

hypoglycemia

A

An abnormally low blood glucose level.

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22
Q

indications

A

The therapeutic uses for a specific medication.

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23
Q

inhalation

A

The active, muscular part of breathing that draws air into the airway and lungs; a medication delivery route.

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24
Q

intramuscular (IM) injection

A

An injection into a muscle; a medication delivery route.

25
Q

intranasal (IN)

A

A delivery route in which a medication is pushed through a specialized atomizer device called a mucosal atomizer device (MAD) into the naris.

26
Q

intraosseous (IO) injection

A

An injection into the bone; a medication delivery route.

27
Q

intravenous (IV) injection

A

An injection directly into a vein; a medication delivery route.

28
Q

medication

A

A substance that is used to treat or prevent disease or relieve pain.

29
Q

medication error

A

Inappropriate use of a medication that could lead to patient harm.

30
Q

metered-dose inhaler (MDI)

A

A miniature spray canister used to direct medications through the mouth and into the lungs.

31
Q

mucosal atomizer device (MAD)

A

A device that is used to change a liquid medication into a spray and push it into a nostril.

32
Q

nitroglycerin

A

A medication that increases cardiac perfusion by causing blood vessels to dilate; EMTs may be allowed to assist the patient to self- administer this medication.

33
Q

onset of action

A

The amount of time from the administration of a medication to the onset of clinical effects.

34
Q

oral

A

By mouth; a medication delivery route.

35
Q

oral glucose

A

A simple sugar that is readily absorbed by the bloodstream; it is carried on the EMS unit.

36
Q

over-the-counter (OTC) medications

A

Medications that may be purchased directly by a patient without a prescription.

37
Q

oxygen

A

A gas that all cells need for metabolism; the heart and brain, especially, cannot function without oxygen.

38
Q

parenteral medications

A

Medications that enter the body by a route other than the digestive tract, skin, or mucous membranes.

39
Q

patient-assisted medication

A

When the EMT assists the patient with the administration of his or her own medication.

40
Q

peak

A

The point or period when the maximum clinical effect of a drug is achieved.

41
Q

peer-assisted medication

A

When the EMT administers medication to himself or herself or to a partner.

42
Q

per os (PO)

A

Through the mouth; a medication delivery route; same as oral.

43
Q

per rectum (PR)

A

Through the rectum; a medication delivery route.

44
Q

pharmacodynamics

A

The process by which a medication works on the body.

45
Q

pharmacokinetics

A

The processes that the body performs on a medication, including how it is absorbed, distributed, possibly changed, and eliminated.

46
Q

pharmacology

A

The study of the properties and effects of medications.

47
Q

polypharmacy

A

The use of multiple medications on a regular basis.

48
Q

prescription medications

A

Medications that are distributed to patients only by pharmacists according to a physician’s order.

49
Q

solution

A

A liquid mixture that cannot be separated by filtering or allowing the mixture to stand.

50
Q

subcutaneous injection

A

Injection into the fatty tissue between the skin and muscle; a medication delivery route.

51
Q

sublingual (SL)

A

Under the tongue; a medication delivery route.

52
Q

suspension

A

A mixture of ground particles that are distributed evenly throughout a liquid but do not dissolve.

53
Q

therapeutic effect

A

The desired or intended effect a medication is expected to have on the body.

54
Q

topical medications

A

Lotions, creams, and ointments that are applied to the surface of the skin and affect only that area; a medication delivery route.

55
Q

trade name

A

The brand name that a manufacturer gives a medication; the name is capitalized.

56
Q

transcutaneous (transdermal)

A

Through the skin; a medication delivery route.

57
Q

unintended effects

A

Actions that are undesirable but pose little risk to the patient.

58
Q

untoward effects

A

Actions that can be harmful to the patient.

EMT 24’ (23 decks)

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