Chp 26 Vocab

Question 1

aorta

Answer 1

The main artery that receives blood from the left ventricle and delivers it to all the other arteries that carry blood to the tissues of the body.

Question 2

arterioles

Answer 2

The smallest branches of arteries leading to the vast network of capillaries.

Question 3

artery

Answer 3

A blood vessel, consisting of three layers of tissue and smooth muscle, that carries blood away from the heart.

Question 4

capillaries

Answer 4

The small blood vessels that connect arterioles and venules; various substances pass through capillary walls, into and out of the interstitial fluid, and then on to the cells.

Question 5

coagulation

Answer 5

The formation of clots to plug openings in injured blood vessels and stop blood flow.

Question 6

contusion

Answer 6

A bruise from an injury that causes bleeding beneath the skin without breaking the skin; also see ecchymosis.

Question 7

ecchymosis

Answer 7

A buildup of blood beneath the skin that produces a characteristic blue or black discoloration as the result of an injury; also see contusion.

Question 8

epistaxis

Answer 8

A nosebleed.

Question 9

hematemesis

Answer 9

Vomited blood.

Question 10

hematoma

Answer 10

A mass of blood that has collected within damaged tissue beneath the skin or in a body cavity.

Question 11

hematuria

Answer 11

Blood in the urine.

Question 12

hemophilia

Answer 12

A hereditary condition in which the patient lacks one or more of the blood’s normal clotting factors.

Question 13

hemoptysis

Answer 13

The coughing up of blood.

Question 14

hemorrhage

Answer 14

Bleeding.

Question 15

hemostatic dressing

Answer 15

A dressing impregnated with a chemical compound that slows or stops bleeding by assisting with clot formation.

Question 16

hypoperfusion

Answer 16

A condition in which the circulatory system fails to provide sufficient circulation to maintain normal cellular functions; also called shock.

Question 17

hypovolemic shock

Answer 17

A condition in which low blood volume, due to massive internal or external bleeding or extensive loss of body water, results in inadequate perfusion.

Question 18

junctional tourniquet

Answer 18

A device that provides proximal compression of severe bleeding near the axial or inguinal junction with the torso.

Question 19

melena

Answer 19

Black, foul-smelling, tarry stool containing digested blood.

Question 20

open-book pelvic fracture

Answer 20

A life-threatening fracture of the pelvis caused by a force that displaces one or both sides of the pelvis laterally and posteriorly.

Question 21

pelvic binder

Answer 21

A device to splint the bony pelvis to reduce hemorrhage from bone ends, venous disruption, and pain.

Question 22

perfusion

Answer 22

The circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet the current needs of the cells.

Question 23

shock

Answer 23

A condition in which the circulatory system fails to provide sufficient circulation to maintain normal cellular functions; also called hypoperfusion

Question 24

tourniquet

Answer 24

The bleeding control method used when a wound continues to bleed despite the use of direct pressure; useful if a patient is bleeding severely from a partial or complete amputation.

Question 25

vasoconstriction

Answer 25

The narrowing of a blood vessel, such as with hypoperfusion or cold extremities.

Question 26

veins

Answer 26

The blood vessels that carry blood from the tissues to the heart.

Question 27

venules

Answer 27

Very small, thin-walled blood vessels.