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NURS 1446 Psy A > Chp 2 Book > Flashcards

Chp 2 Book Flashcards

1
Q

based on the idea that all behaviors are learned and can be changed. This form of therapy looks to identify and help change potentially self-destructive or unhealthy behaviors.

A

Behavior therapy

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2
Q

Mind-body technique that uses non-invasive equipment to help people learn to control their body’s involuntary functions. (HR, RR)

A

Biofeedback

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3
Q

Biofeedback uses electrodes to meause muscle tension, HR, HH and client attempts to alter involuntary body functions through thought.

Which disease can biofeedback be used to treat

A

Chronic pain, Fatigue, Insomnia, Anxiety, Urinary incontinence, Fecal incontinence, Migraine headaches, Epilepsy, and Raynaud phenomenon

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4
Q

Give an example of Classical Conditioning

A

Pavlovs dogs

Therapy: Stressful situation paired with relaxation tech

School: Candy to a student who finishes homework on time

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5
Q

Exposing yourself to situations that cause anxiety, like going into a crowded public space.

Journaling about your thoughts throughout the day and recording your feelings about your thoughts.

Are examples of this type of therapy

A

CBT

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6
Q

Biiased thoughts distort the way a person sees themselves, their life, their specific day-to-day situations, their relationships, and other people.

These thoughts can contribute to mental health conditions such as depression and anxiety.

A

Cognitive distortions

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7
Q

Basic learning process that involves changing the strength, formation, or weakening of a connection between a stimulus and a response.

A

Conditioning

Classical ( Pavlovs dog ) Neutral pairing

Operant ( Positive reinforcers added / Megative reinforcers removed

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8
Q

Id, Ego, Superego

A

Id
The impulsive, animalistic, and selfish part of the personality that’s driven by pleasure and motivated by instinctual desires

The ego, controlled by the reality principle, is what prevents you from acting on the Id’s urges.

For example, if you are craving chocolate, the ego will make you wait until you can get your own chocolate bar instead of snatching the one your friends chocolate.

Superego- Moral part.
Exp. One steals a chocolate bar Superego makes you feel Guilt.
If one waits until after a healthy dinner and eats the chocolate bar - Superego makes you feel proud.

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9
Q

The ID & Superego lie in the unconscious while the Ego is in…

A

Preconscious

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10
Q

The ego develops ____ to ward off anxiety by preventing conscious awareness of threatening feelings

A

Defense mechanism

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11
Q

Freud believed that by age ___ determins individuals lifetime adjustment pattern and personality traits

A

5

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12
Q

Free association - patient freely says whatever words or thoughts come to mind.

Dream analysis

Defense mechanism recognition- Analyst helps recognize & change over used maladaptive Defense mechanism ( Denial, Projection, Rationalization)

Used in this type of therapy

A

Psychoanalysis Sigeumon Freud

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13
Q

Transference (Client attributes qualities of person from their past on Therapist)

Counter-Transference (Therapist attributes qualities of person from their past on patient)

Can be either good or bad

Are key concepts from this type of therapy

A

Psychoanalysis Sig Freud

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14
Q

This type of therapy uses principles of Psychoanalysis (Free association, Dream Analysis, Transfernce)

However, it focuses on the here and now.

May last 20 sessions (Lengthy in Insurance View)

Best candidates are Healthy - Well Functioning people

A

Psychodynamic therapy

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15
Q

Interpersonal theory by Harry Sullivan main principle is…

A

That human being are driven by a need for interaction with eachother

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16
Q

The goal of interpersonal therapy is reduction or elimination of psychiatric symptoms (depression esp.) By improving interpersonal functioning and relationships

3 types of problems that have responded well to interpersonal therapy

A

Greif & Loss
Interpersonal disputes: (Conflict with Sig Other)
Role Transition:

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17
Q

Important Mental health nurses

Patrica Benner, Dorothy Orem, Sister Callista Roy, Betty Neuman, Joyce Travelbee, Hildegard Peplau

Goal Self-Care integral to nursing

Caring foundation for nursing

Communication using the Interpsonal Theory “Sullivan”

Impact of internal & External stressor on equalibrum

Continue need for people to adapt, physical, mental, social

Meaning in nurse-patient relationship & importance of communication

A

Patrica Benner: Caring foundation for nursing

Dorothy Orem: Goal Self-Care integral to nursing

Sister Callista Roy: Continue need for people to adapt, physical, mental, social

Betty Neuman: Impact of internal & External stressor on equalibrum

Joyce Travelbee: Meaning in nurse-patient relationship & importance of communication

Hildegard Peplau: Communication using the Interpsonal Theory “Sullivan”

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18
Q

Behaviorist the opposite of Freud state that Behavior and consequencly personality can be change through ___

A

Conditioning

19
Q

Classical Conditioning (Behavioral)

Pavlov

Describe….

A

When a neutral stimulus (bell) is paired with another stimulus (Food) that with time the Neutral Stimulus will evoke same reaction as the excitory stimulus

20
Q

John Watson started behavioral theory that states that anyone could be trained to be anything.

He demonstrated it with this famous experiment

A

Little Albert, the rat, and loud banging noise

21
Q

BF Skinner researched ____ a method of learning that occurs through rewards & punishment for voluntary behavior .

The key term to this theory is reinforcement

A

Operant Conditioning

22
Q

Operant Conditioning

Exp

Positive reinforcement

Negative reinforcement

A

Positive reinforcement: Push level get food

Negative reinforcement: Floor is electrified, push level stop shock

23
Q

Operant Conditioning

Extinction

Exp.

A

Teacher ignores student Acting Out. Student stops acting out.

24
Q

This type of therapy maybe useful in Phobias, Alcohol use disorder, Schizophrenia

A

Behavioral

25
Q

____ is the basis for behavior modification and uses positive reinforcement to increase desired behaviors

A

Operant Conditioning

26
Q

____ therapy maybe used to treat phobias, panic, social anxiety, OCD, PTSD, GAD.

It involves facing the fear

A

Exposure therapy

27
Q

Describe aversion therapy

A

Use a negative stimulus in connection with behavior that is trying to be avoided.

Exp.

A gay man forced to watch gay porn and recieves a shock during the film. But when straight porn is played no shocks

28
Q

Rational-Emotive Therapy - Albert Ellis

Main Goal: …….

A

Main goal: remove Irrational beliefs by helping people to recognize thoughts that are not accurate, sensible, useful. “ Shoulds, Ought, Must”

29
Q

Albert Ellis

Described negative thinking as A-B-C

A (Activating Event)
B ( Belief about event )
C ( Consequences- emotional)

This type of Theory

This type of therapy

A

Cognitive theory

Rational- Emotive Therapy

30
Q

Focus of this therapy is on present attitudes, painful feelings, and dysfunctional behaviors

A

Rational-Emotive therapy

Cognitive theory

31
Q

Automatic thoughts aka Cognitive Distortions are Irrational & lead to false assumptions.

Exp. After release from the hospital my friend says “ How’s it going?” Automatic thought = I must look really bad for them to be concerned.

Therapeutic tech can ID, reality test, and correct distorted Automatic thought.

Is a main theme in this therapy

A

Cognitive behavioral

Aaron T Beck

32
Q

Homework plays a role in this therapy

Columed thought where patient writes

Event, Feeling, Automatic thought, Other possible Interpretations

A

Cognitive behavioral Therapy

Aaron T Beck

33
Q

Name the therapy

Treatment Focus:

Unresolved past relationships & Core conflicts

Therapist Role:

Significant Other Transference Object

Primary disorders treated:

Anxiety, Depression, Personality Disorder

Length of therapy:

20+sessions

Technique:

Therapeutic alliance
Free association
Understanding Transference
Challenging Defense mechanism

A

Psychodynamic Therapy

34
Q

Name the therapy

Treatment Focus:

Current interpersonal relationship & social support

Therapist Role:

Problem solver

Primary disorders treated:

Depression

Length of therapy:

Shirt 12 - 20

Technique:

Facilitate new patterns of communication & expectations for relationships

A

Interpersonal therapy

35
Q

Name the therapy

Treatment Focus:

Thoughts & Cognitions

Therapist Role:

Active, directive, challenging

Primary disorders treated:

Depression, Anxiety/ Panic, Eating Disorders

Length of therapy:

Short 5 - 20

Technique:

Evaluating thoughts and behaviors
Modifying dysfunctional thoughts and Behaviors

A

Cognitive behavioral Therapy

36
Q

Name the therapy

Treatment Focus:

Learned maladaptive behavior

Therapist Role:

Active, directive teachwr

Primary disorders treated:

PTSD, OCD, Panic Disorder

Length of therapy:

Typically <10

Technique:

Relaxation, thought stopping, self-reassurance, seeking social support

A

Behavioral Therapy

37
Q

This therapy model was developed for individuals with intratable behavior issues (Chronically Suicidal/ Self Injuring women w/ borderline personality)

The strategies help the patient and therapist give up extreme posistions

Long term 1 - 1.5 years

Uses the following tech

Mindfulness - being present

Distress tolerance - Tolerating Pain in challenging situations

Interpersonal effectiveness- Asking for what you want & saying No

Emotional regulation- Choosing & Changing emotions that are problematic

A

Dialectical Behavior Theory

38
Q

Maslow’s theory is this type of “theory”

Set about to focus therapy on Potential, Free Will, Personal Growth

A

Humanistic

39
Q

Piaget & Cognitive Development Stages

Sensorimotor Stage birth - 2 yrs

Describe…

A

Basic reflexes to purposeful movement

Spatial ability & Hand eye coordination

Basic understanding of world

9 months object permenance - ability to conceptualize that objects are no longer there - Peekaboo

40
Q

Piaget & Cognitive Development Stages

Preoperational Stage 2 - 7

Describe

A

No abstract thinking

Egocentric

41
Q

Piaget & Cognitive Development Stages

Concerte operational stage 7 - 11

Describe

A

Abstract problem solve starts

Able to see from others POV

Conversation is possible

Able to classify based on descrete characteristics, pattern

42
Q

Piaget & Cognitive Development Stages

Formal operational stage 11 - adult

Describe

A

Starts near same time as puberty

Abstract thoughts & problem solving abilities mirror adult levels

43
Q

Theory developed by interpersonal theorist who emphasize that sense of self & nature & quality of relationships in the present are affected by past relationships.

A

Theory if object relations

44
Q

Kohlberg Stages of moral development

Preconventional: Goal is individual survival- Selfishness.

Action: Caring for self

Name the 2 stages

A

Obedience & Punishment: At this stage people belive that Obedience is a means to avoid Punishment

Individualism & Exchange: People are aware that not everyone sees the rules the same. Still if they or other decide to break the rules they risk Punishment.

NURS 1446 Psy A (19 decks)

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