Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology > Chp 16/17 > Flashcards

Chp 16/17 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name given to the neurons that monitor carbon dioxide levels in the blood and are located in the carotid and aortic arteries

A

Chemoreceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A (long or short) blood vessel with (small or large) diameter would have the greatest resistance to blood flow

A

Long and small

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Pulmonary circulation goes from the (right or left) (atrium or ventricle) to the (right or left) (atrium or ventricle)

A

Right ventricle

Left atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which blood vessel (s) contains blood with the highest oxygen content

A

Pulmonary vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

From which major blood vessel do all systemic blood vessels branch

A

Aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which circulatory route brings blood to the tissues and back to the heart

A

Systemic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which circulatory path carries blood rich in substances absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract

A

Hepatic portal vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

(Arteries or veins) (closest to or farthest from) the heart have the lowest blood pressure

A

Veins

Closest to

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Vascular resistance is primarily due to which factor

A

Friction between blood - walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When the left ventricle contracts, what term is given to the pressure in arteries that is generated

A

Systolic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

In fetal circulation, which structure connects the fetal pulmonary trunk to the aorta, allowing much blood to bypass the lungs

A

Ductus arteriosus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Stimulation of the _____ would cause the heart rate the decrease

A

Vagus nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

In the fetus what is the opening that allows blood to pass directly from the right atrium to the left atrium

A

Foramen ovale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

With aging, cardiac muscle fibers ____in size

A

Decrease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Defense of the body that are present at birth are referred to as ____ immunity

A

Innate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The fetal circulation differs from adult circulation because of which organ system that is nonfunctional

A

Respiratory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

As blood passes from the superior and inferior vena cavae to the lungs it moves through the (right or left) (atrium or ventricle) to the (right or left) (atrium or ventricle) and out through the (pulmonary trunk or pulmonary veins)

A

Right atrium to the
Right ventricle to the
Pulmonary trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Carry blood away from the heart

A

Arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Vessels with high blood pressure

A

Arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Vessels with the fastest flow

A

Arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Vessels that exchange food and waste between blood and tissues

A

Capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Vessels that return interstitial fluid to the bloodstream

A

Lymphatic vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Vessels with slowest blood flow

A

Capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Vessels with a thick muscle layer

A

Arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Vessels with very thin walls, only have a single layer of cells

A

Capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Vessels with the smallest internal diameter

A

Capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Vessels with a very thin muscle layer

A

Veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Vessels that exhibit a pulse

A

Arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Vessels that bring blood to almost every cell in the body

A

Capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Known as “exchange vessels”

A

Capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What are the cells that migrate to the thymus and when mature are able to attack microbes directly

A

t-cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What name is given to blood flow from the heart to the lungs

A

Pulmonary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Blood pressure is measured by listening for a constricted ___ to “pop” open

A

Artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

The backward flow of fluid is veins and lymphatics is prevented by _____

A

Valves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

The most important function of the circulatory system is to ____ materials to and from all cells

A

Transport materials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Which layer of the artery contains thick, smooth muscle

A

Middle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Venous blood returns to the heart due to ____ movements and skeletal muscular contractions

A

Breathing

38
Q

Name several blood vessels commonly used to take pulse

A 
Radial
carotid
brachial
popliteal
dorsal
39
Q

What are the two main methods of capillary exchange

A

Filtration

Reabsorption

40
Q

Blood pressure is read with _____

A

Sphygmomanometer

41
Q

Blood typically flows from the heart first to the _____ them to ____ then to

A

Arteries
Capillaries
Veins

42
Q

What is the structure who’s main function is exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue

A

Capillaries

43
Q

The force in which blood pushes against arterial walls during ventricular contraction is called ____ blood pressure

A

Systolic

44
Q

The hollow center of blood vessels through which blood flows

A

Lumen

45
Q

Lymph is very similar to this body fluid

A

Interstitial

46
Q

Structurally, lymphatic vessels most resemble these vessels of the body

A

Veins

47
Q 
Which blood pressure would be considered Normal 
75/105
108/68
75/90
150/100
A

108/68

48
Q

Which type of blood vessel is referred to as a blood reservoir

A

Veins

49
Q

The pulmonary circulation carries blood from the heart to the lungs and back to this chamber

A

Left atrium

50
Q

The exchange of material between fetal and maternal circulation occurs through this structure

A

Placenta

51
Q

Name some factors that vascular resistance relates to

A

Blood viscosity

Blood vessel length and radius

52
Q

At rest, most of the blood in the body is contained in these vessels

A

Veins

53
Q

In an overweight person, the factor most likely to increase systemic vessel resistance

A

Vessel length

54
Q

A foreign substance that provokes an immune response in the body

A

Antigen

55
Q

Which receptors are involved in monitoring blood pressure

A

Baroreceptors

56
Q

Blood pressure would increase with a (increase or decrease) in heart rate (increase or decrease) in vascular resistance (increase or decrease) in blood volume (increase or decrease) in water retention

A

Increase for all

57
Q

How would increased cardiac affect blood pressure

A

Increase

58
Q

How would decreased blood volume affect blood pressure

A

Decrease

59
Q

How would water retention affect blood pressure

A

Increase

60
Q

How would increased vascular resistance affect blood pressure

A

Increase

61
Q

How would increased production of epinephrine affect blood pressure

A

Increase

62
Q

Proteins that are produced by cells which are infected with viruses

A

Interferons

63
Q

List some functions of the lymphatic system

A

Drain interstitial fluid

Transport lipids from GI to blood

64
Q

How would blood viscosity increasing affect vascular resistance

A

Increase

65
Q

How would increased blood vessel diameter affect vascular resistance

A

Decrease

66
Q

How would being in arteries compared to capillaries affect vascular resistance

A

Decrease

67
Q

How would increasing blood vessel length affect vascular resistance

A

Increase

68
Q

Slow resting heart rate

A

Bradycardia

69
Q

Saclike dilation of the artery wall

A

Aneurysm

70
Q

Stretching of walls of veins, especially around valves

A

Varicose veins

71
Q

Inflammation of vein

A

Phlebitis

72
Q

Low oxygen availability

A

Hypoxia

73
Q

Persistently high blood pressure

A

Hyperextension

74
Q

Rapid resting heart rate

A

Tachycardia

75
Q

High amount of carbon dioxide in the blood

A

Hypercamia

76
Q

List some structures involved in the first line of defense against pathogens

A

Skin, mucous membranes, urinating movements

77
Q

What are inflammation systems

A

Redness, swelling, pain, heat

78
Q

List some substances that could act as antigens

A

Food, pollen, bacteria, viruses

79
Q

When a cell is infected by a virus what may the cell produce to help

A

Interferons

80
Q

Why are lymph nodes important

A

Filter lymph, store lymphocytes

81
Q

What term is given to the decrease in diameter of a blood vessel due to contraction of the smooth muscle in its walls

A

Vasoconstriction

82
Q

In general what vessels can we see through our skin

A

Veins

83
Q

Mucous membranes would be considered to be a _____ line of defense against pathogens

A

First

84
Q

Which lymphatic organ is located posterior to the stermum

A

Thymus

85
Q

Name the major components of the lymphatic system

A

Red bone marrow
Lymph
Lymph vessels
Structures containing lymphatic tissue

86
Q

Which cells produce antibodies

A

B-cells

87
Q

Which is the largest single mass of lymphatic tissue in the body

A

Spleen

88
Q

Which lymphocytes are found in lymph nodes

A

Mature b-cells

89
Q

Where are damaged and worn out red blood cells destroyed

A

Spleen

90
Q

Where is cardiovascular center located

A

Medulla

Physiology (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions