Chapter 6 Flashcards by Brooke McCallum

Membranous outer covering of a long bone

Periosteum

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6 functions of bones

Protection, support, movement, mineral homeostasis, production of blood cells, triglyceride storage

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Method of ossification forming most bones

Endochondral

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Enlarged ends of a long bone

Epiphyses

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Articular cartilage is an example of what cartilage type

Hyaline

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Center of an osteon which carries blood vessels longitudinally through bone

Haversian canal

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Shaft of long bone

Diaphysis

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Rings of bony tissue filled with minerals and surrounding Haversian canal

Lamellae

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Mature bone cells

Osteocytes

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Bone that contains numerous air spaces between cells

Spongy

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Microscopic cavities in bone containing osteocytes

Lacunae

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Space in bone which contains marrow

Medullary canal

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Bone forming cells

Osteoblasts

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Very dense bone with no air spaces within

Compact

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Small channels connecting lacunae with each other

Canaliculi

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Unit of structure in compact bone

Haversian system (osteon)

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Mineral part of bone

Matrix

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Growth area in bones where epiphysis joins diaphysis

Epiphyseal plate

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Bone is what tissue type

Connective

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Bone disorder characterized by decreased bone mass and increased susceptibility to fractures

Osteoporosis

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Area of long bone containing the thickest layer of compact bone

Diaphysis

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three bones that fuse together to form the hip bones

Ilium, ischium, pubis

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Type of bone that forms most of the Epiphyses of long bones and consists of trabeculae that surround spaces filled with RED bone marrow

Spongy

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Formation of bone

Ossification

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Only movable bone in the skull

Mandible

Ribs and cranial bones are classified as what type of bone

Flat

When aging bones become more or less brittle?

When aging you lose or gain calcium in bones

Lose

When aging you lose or gain mass in bones

Lose

When aging you decrease or increase collegian fiber production in bones

Decrease

Sideways bending of the vertebral column leads to what condition

Scoliosis

What are the units of structure in compact bone with little spaces in between them

Osteons (Haversian system)

In a typical long bone what type of cartilage is the Articular cartilage composed of

Hyaline

What bones make up the pectoral girdle

Scapula, clavicle

YELLOW bone marrow is located in the epiphysis or diaphysis of a bone

Diaphysis

YELLOW bone marrow is located in the diaphysis of a bone and consists mainly of

Adipose cells

Are female bones lighter or heavier than men

Lighter

Do women have more or less prominent markings for muscle attachment than men

Less

Do women have larger or smaller Articular ends over men

Smaller

Do women have a wider or shallower pelvis over men

Wider

Bone disorder where bone destruction outpaces bone formation due to depletion of calcium

Osteoporosis

Name given to seven pairs of ribs that attach directly to the sternum by means of costal cartilage

True ribs

Name given to center osteon that carries blood vessels longitudinally through the bone

Central (Haversian) canal

Largest, strongest and heaviest bone

Femur

Name given to shaft of bone

Diaphysis

Bones of the thighs, forearms and fingers are classified as what type of bone

Long bones

Name of neck vertebrae

Cervical vertebrae

Name given to rings of hard, calcified matrix that surrounded the central canal (inside an osteon)

Concentric Lamellae

Name given to tiny channels connecting the central canal to lacunae

Canaliculi

Hole in occipital bone through which spinal cord passes

Foramen magnum

Where does bone growth occur in long bones

Epiphyseal plate

Nasal bone, maxilla and mandible are part of what bone groups

Facial

What method of ossification forms in most bones

Endochondral

Cleft pallet occurs when what bones fail to unite

Maxillae

Name of region of a long bone between epiphysis and diaphysis

Metaphysis

Bone located under the jaw does not articulate with any other bone

Hyoid bone

Name of the scroll like bones in the nasal cavity whose job is to filter air before it gets to lungs

Inferior nasal conchae

Name of he soft spots in the cranium of a child that are not completely ossified

Fontanelles

Name given to the spaces in compact bone that contain osteocytes

Lacunae

What group of bones does temporal bone belong to

Cranial

Name given to the membrane that lines medullary cavity

Endosteum

Name of type of cell that builds bone tissue

Osteoblast

Name of type of cell that destroys matrix of bone

Osteoclast

Name of immovable joint in skull formed where skull bones fuse together

Sutures

Which cranial bone has a shape that resembles a bat

Sphenoid

Name of the part of bone that contains water, collagen and minerals like calcium

Matrix

Name of cells that develop into osteoblasts

Osteogenic cells

What major division of the skeleton do the pectoral and pelvis girdles belong to

Appendicular