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Physiology > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

0
Q

Type of Muscle tissue with limited capacity to regenerate

A

Cardiac and skeletal muscle

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1
Q

Type of Muscle tissue with several nuclei per myofiber

A

Skeletal muscle

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2
Q

Type of muscle tissue with Striated appearance

A

Cardiac and skeletal muscle

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3
Q

Type of muscle tissue with parallel arrangement of muscle fibers

A

Skeletal muscle

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4
Q

Type of muscle tissue with cells tapered at each end

A

Smooth muscle

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5
Q

Type of muscle tissue with one nucleus per fiber

A

Cardiac and smooth muscle

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6
Q

Type of muscle tissue found in the heart

A

Cardiac muscle

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7
Q

Type of muscle tissue with branching arrangement of muscle fibers

A

Cardiac muscle

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8
Q

Type of muscle tissue that appears nonstriated or smooth

A

Smooth muscle

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9
Q

Type of muscle tissue with voluntary control

A

Skeletal muscle

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10
Q

Type of muscle tissue with involuntary control

A

Cardiac and smooth muscle

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11
Q

Type of muscle tissue located on the walls of hollow internal structures

A

Smooth muscle

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12
Q

Major Functions of muscles

A

Movement, body positions, stabilize, regulate organ volume, heat production and movement of substances

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13
Q

slight, constant contraction during consciousness

A

Tone

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14
Q

Shortens the muscles and causes movement

A

Isotonic

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15
Q

Increases muscle tension but no movement occurs

A

Isometric

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16
Q

Continuous sustained contraction allowing smooth movement

A

Tetanus

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17
Q

Stair step increase in congestion with repeated stimulation before muscle has completely relaxed

A

Summation

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18
Q

Does the length of actin and myosin filaments change during muscle conntraction

A

No

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19
Q

This is essential for maintaining posture

A

Muscle tone

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20
Q

third phase or period of muscle twitch contraction

A

Relaxation

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21
Q

Structures in enlarged bulb of axon provide energy to make ACh

A

Mitochondria

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22
Q

State of limpness in which muscle tone is lost

A

Flaccid

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23
Q

Cytoplasm of a muscle fiber

A

Sarcoplasm

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24
Tissue responsible for most hear production going on in the body
Muscle tissue
25
Skeletal muscles have good or bad blood and nerve supply
Good
26
All the Muscle fibers in this contract or relax together
Motor unit
27
Movement of these ions from outside sarcolemma to inside causes an action potential to begin to move along
Calcium ions
28
Dietary supplement the some studies show may result in more lifting power
Creatine
29
Storage form of glucose in our liver and muscles
Glycogen
30
Anaerobic process provides enough energy for 30-40 seconds of maximal activity
Glycolysis
31
Connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone
Tendon
32
Source of energy for muscle contraction
ATP
33
Another name for action potential
Nerve impulse
34
Required by mitochondria in the aerobic production of energy for muscle contraction
Oxygen
35
Another name for muscle cells
Fibers
36
Cell membrane of muscle cells
Sarcolemma
37
Alternate light and dark bands running through the Sarcoplasm of a muscle cell
Striations
38
Single nerve fiber and the muscle fibers it supplies
Motor unit
39
Chemical necessary to transfer the nerve impulse to stimulate the muscle
Acetylcholine (ACh)
40
Time between application of a stimulus and the actual shortening of the muscle
Latent period
41
Two types of skeletal muscle contractions needed for normal body movements
Isotonic and tetanus
42
Connection between nerve fiber and muscle fiber
Neuromuscular junction
43
Brief contraction of all muscle fibers of a motor unit in response to a single stimulus
Twitch contraction
44
Most of the Ca+2 is found here when a fuscle fiber is relaxed
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
45
Stiffening of muscles after death due to Ca+2 leaking out of the sarcoplasmic reticulum
Rigor Mortis
46
Neurotransmitter released from the synaptic vesicles of neurons supplying skeletal muscles
ACh
47
Thick myofilament with enlarged heads to form cross bridges
Myosin
48
Multinucleated muscle tissue
Skeletal
49
Muscle tissue Found in blood vessels and stomach
Smooth
50
Voluntary muscle tissue
Skeletal
51
Branched with intercalated discs muscle tissue
Cardiac
52
Spindle shaped muscle tissue
Smooth
53
Cylindrical shaped and unbranched muscle tissue
Skeletal
54
Striated muscle tissue
Skeletal and cardiac
55
Involuntary muscle tissue
Smooth and cardiac
56
Unstriated muscle tissue
Smooth
57
Attached to bones muscle tissue
Skeletal
58
Longest individual cells muscle tissue
Skeletal
59
Nonstriated muscle tissue
Smooth
60
CT sheath that surround a fascicle
Perimysium
61
Extension of CT Sheaths to attach the muscle to bone
Tendon
62
CT that surrounds an entire muscle
Epimysium
63
CT that surround each muscle fiber
Endomysium
64
Bundle of muscle fibers
Fascicle
65
Another name for muscle cells
Muscle fibers
66
Functional unit within muscle fibers
Sarcomere
67
Cytoplasm with muscle fibers
Sarcoplasm
68
Reddish pigment in muscle fiber that stores oxygen
Myoglobin
69
Thicker type of filament in muscle fiber that has heads on it
Myosin
70
Thin dark zig zag line that separates sarcomere
Z disc
71
Muscle fibers cell membrane
Sarcolemma
72
Thinner type of of myofilament--myosin attaches to it
Actin
73
Ion stored in SR that is released to trigger muscle contraction
Calcium
74
Small tube that connects SR in a muscle fiber transversely
T-tubule
75
ER of muscle fiber
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
76
Cylindrical structures running lengthwise through the fiber and consist of actin and myosin
Myofibrils
77
Brief contraction of all fibers of a motor unit in response to a single stimulus
Twitch
78
Recording of a muscle contraction
Myogram
79
Period between application of a stimulus and start of a contraction
Latent period
80
Active transport of calcium ions back into SR is occurring
relaxation period
81
Period when actual shortening is taking place
Contraction period
82
sustained contraction due to stimulation at a rate of 20-100 seconds
Tetanus
83
More forceful contraction on response to a stimulus that arrives
Summation
84
Contraction in which length of muscle doesn't change but tension increases
Isometric
85
Contraction in which length of muscle changes while it's tension stays relatively constant
Isotonic

Physiology (12 decks)

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