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Physiology > Chapter 15 > Flashcards

Chapter 15 Flashcards

0
Q

This ventricle pumps blood to the lungs

A

Right

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1
Q

Arteries and veins arise from this portion of the heart

A

Base

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2
Q

Scientific name for a heart attack

A

Myocardial infarction

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3
Q

The P wave of the electrocardiogram represents this event

A

Atrial depolarization followed by systole

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4
Q

The first heart sound (lubb) is caused by closure of these valves

A

AV

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5
Q

Name parts of pericardium

A

Fibrous

Serous

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6
Q

Outermost layer of the pericardium

A

Fibrous

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7
Q

Layer of pericardium that is adjacent to the heart muscle

A

Visceral

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8
Q

When the atria are in systole the ventricles are in _____

A

Diastole

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9
Q

When the ventricles are in systole the AV valves are open or closed

A

Closed

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10
Q

Main function of heart valves

A

Prevent backflow of blood

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11
Q

The T wave of the ECG indicates this event

A

Ventricular repolarization

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12
Q

Venous blood (without oxygen) from the body returns to this chamber

A

Right atrium

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13
Q

Coronary arteries take blood to this location

A

Heart muscle itself

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14
Q

Hardening of the walls of arteries from smooth muscle proliferation and cholesterol deposit

A

Arteriosclerosis

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15
Q

Condition caused by reduced blood flow to the myocardium

A

Myocardial ischemia

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16
Q

Irregular heart rhythm

A

Arrhythmia

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17
Q

Opening in the septum between the atria in a fetus

A

Foamen ovale

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18
Q

Narrowing of a valve opening by scar tissue

A

Stenosis

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19
Q

Different areas of the heart beating independently

A

Fibrillation coronary artery

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20
Q

Narrowing of coronary arteries reducing blood flow to heart and has a number of causes and is the leading cause off death in the US

A

Coronary artery disease

21
Q

Term”epicardium” refers to this structure

A

Outermost layer of the heart wall

22
Q

Circulation of blood through heart muscle is supplied by the ______ circulation

A

Coronary

23
Q

Cardiac muscle is known as

A

Myocardium

24
Q

Chamber with the thickest wall of the heart

A

Left ventricle

25
Q

Heartbeat originates in this mass of tissue

A

SA node

26
Q

Structure whose job is to sequence the ventricular contractions with the atrial contractions

A

AV node

27
Q

Electrical conducting system in the outer walls of the ventricles

A

Conduction myofibers (purkinje fibers)

28
Q

Location of the SA node of the heart

A

Right atrium

29
Q

The QRS spike represents this event

A

Ventricular contraction

30
Q

Second heart sound (dupp) is caused by this

A

SL valves closing

31
Q

Heart rate is monitored and regulated by this structure

A

Cardiovascular center of medulla

32
Q

Nerve decreases heart rate

A

Vagus (CNX)

33
Q

Heart speeds up when we stand up quickly due to receptors here that detect blood pressure changes

A

Carotid artery

34
Q

Explain the contractions of the chambers on the cardiac cycle

A

Atria contracts then the ventricles contract

35
Q

Coronary arteries branch off from

A

Aorta

36
Q

The action of ___ causes audible heart sounds

A

Valves

37
Q

What causes heart murmurs

A

Improperly closing valves

38
Q

Period of relaxation in the cardiac cycle

A

Diastole

39
Q

Heart that is stretched just before contraction will contract stronger according to this law

A

frank-starling

40
Q

Contraction phase of the heart

A

Systole

41
Q

The “good” chemicals that take cholesterol to the liver are

A

High density lipoproteins (HDLs)

42
Q

What causes the semilunar valves to close

A

Pressure in the ventricles is dropping

43
Q

Volume of blood ejected from each ventricle with one contraction of the heart

A

Stroke volume (70mL)

44
Q

Amount of blood ejected by each ventricle each minute

A

Cardiac output

45
Q

Term describing heart chamber contraction is

A

Systole

46
Q

Name several chemicals which would act to slow the heart rate

A

Increased levels of K+ or Na+

47
Q

Term describing heart chamber relaxation is

A

Diastole

48
Q

Chest pain caused from ischemia

A

Angina pectoris

49
Q

Inflammation of the heart covering

A

Pericarditis

Physiology (12 decks)

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