Chp 13

Question 1

Choice

Answer 1

Nonreflexive voluntary behavior occurring in a context in which alternative behaviors are possible

Question 2

Variables affecting choice

Answer 2

1. Reinforcement vs no consequence
2. Reinforcer size & quality
3. Effort
   Reinforcer delay

Question 3

scientist to conduct first operant learning experiments

Answer 3

Richard Herrenstien

Question 4

Substitute reinforcer

Answer 4

A reinforcer that’s increasingly consumed when access to another reinforcer is constrained

Question 5

Herrnstien’s matching law

Answer 5

If two choices are similar, then there’s an equal chance of choosing either option

Question 6

Ways to increase socially desirable behavior

Answer 6

1. Reinforce desired behavior more often
2. Get rid of other substitute reinforcers

Question 7

Preference reversals occur when the…

Answer 7

Time to make decisions is moved

Question 8

Steeply discounting the value of future consequences can…

Answer 8

Lead to impulsive choices

Question 9

We are more likely to choose the larger-later reward when…

Answer 9

Neither reward (small/soon vs large/later) is immediately available

Question 10

Methods for reducing impulsive choice

Answer 10

1. Commitment strategies: engineering the environment to improve the choices we make. Make choices in advance.
2. Delay exposure training: learning to wait