Chp 10

Question 1

Behaving altruistically is aka

Answer 1

Sharing

Question 2

Punisher

Answer 2

A contingent consequence that decreases the future probability of behavior below its pre-punishment level

Question 3

Punishment

Answer 3

The process or procedure whereby a punisher decreases the future probability of an operant response

Question 4

Positive punishment

Answer 4

The contingent presentation of a consequence that decreases the future probability of the behavior below its no-punishment level

Question 5

Negative punishment

Answer 5

The contingent removal, reduction, prevention of a reinforcer; the effect of which decreases the future probability of the behavior below it’s no-punishment level

Question 6

Characteristics of effective punishment interventions

Answer 6

1. Focus on reinforcement first
2. Combine punishment w extinction and/or differential reinforcement
3. Deliver punishers immediately
4. Deliver punishment continently
5. Punish every time
6. Use a punisher in the Goldilocks zone

Question 7

Primary punisher

Answer 7

A contingent consequence that functions as a punisher bc in the evolutionary past of the species, thus consequence decreases the chances of survival

Question 8

Conditioned punisher

Answer 8

A contingent consequence that signals a delay reduction to a backup punisher

Question 9

Time-out from positive reinforcement

Answer 9

A signaled response-contingent suspension of a positive-reinforcement contingency, the effect of which decreases the future probability of problem behavior

Question 10

Four guidelines for effectively using time-out from positive reinforcement

Answer 10

1. Provide no more than one verbal warning
2. Significantly reduce access to reinforcers
3. End after no more than 5min even if the child is not sitting quietly
4. Every instance of the problem behavior produces a time-out

Question 11

Response-cost punishers

Answer 11

Negative punishers that involve the removal or reduction of a reinforcer

Question 12

If turning on and off the consequence turns the problem behavior on and off then…

Answer 12

That consequence functions as a reinforcer

Question 13

Punishment is more effective when…

Answer 13

Added to extinction or differential reinforcement

Question 14

No contingent punishers can…

Answer 14

Elicits aggression

Question 15

If an unpunished problem behavior leaves behind a permanent product…

Answer 15

Then an effective punisher can still be delivered by clarifying the contingency between the problem behavior and the punisher
(Bc you did this, you will be punished with this)

Question 16

Goldilocks zone

Answer 16

Not too aversive and not so benign that it doesn’t decrease behavior

Question 17

Delay reduction ratio

Answer 17

(US>US interval) / (CS>US interval)