Chp 12 Flashcards
Discriminated operant behavior
Behavior that’s systemically influenced by antecedent stimuli.
When a walk sign is lit, people walk through the intersection. The behavior of crossing the street is influenced by the walk sign (antecedent stimulus)
Discriminative stimulus (SD)
An antecedent stimulus that can EVOKE a specific operant response bc the individual has learned that the SD is present, that response will be reinforced
S Δ
An antecedent stimulus that DECREASES a specific response bc the individual learned that when the S Δ is present, that response won’t be reinforced (extinction)
SDP- warning stimulus
An antecedent stimulus that DECREASES a specific response bc the individual learned that when the SDP is present, that response will be punished. When the SDP is present, the response is suppressed
3 term contingency.
ABC contingency
The functional relation bw antecedent, behavior, and consequence
(IF> AND> THEN)
If the behavior is not habitual, the SD will…
Evoke this response only if the consequence currently functions as a reinforcer.
You would only stop for fast food if you were hungry
When an EO increases the efficacy of a reinforcer….
We begin looking for SD’s that signal the availability of that reinforcer
Discrimination training
A procedure where a response is reinforced in the presence of an SD and extinguished in the presence of an S Δ
Generalization
When a stimulus resembling the SD evokes the response, despite that response never having been reinforced in the presence of that stimulus
Generalization gradient
A graph depicting increases in responding as the antecedent stimulus more closely resembles the SD
3 ways to promote generalization and maintenance
- Teach behaviors that will contact natural contingencies of reinforcement (the skill needs to actually work)
- Train diversely
- Arrange antecedent stimuli that will cue generalziation
Stimulus response chain
Fixed sequence of responses, each evoked by a response-produced SD
(Phone buzzes, reach for phone, unlock phone, tap messages app, read message)
Task analysis
A precise specification of the sequence of antecedents, responses, and consequences that comprise a stimulus response chain
Backward chaining
The final link in the stimulus response chain is taught first, once mastered, additional links are added in reverse order.
Forward chaining in the opposite
Prompt
An antecedent stimulus that facilitates or guides the desired response when it’s not happening under appropriate discriminative stimulus control
